people will NOT read documentation, especially the bloody install
documentation. I'm about ready to throw in the towel and declare
gitolite unsupported, take-it-or-leave-it.
But I'm making one last attempt to refocus the install doc to better
suit the "I know I'm very smart and I dont have to read docs so it's
clearly your fault that I am not able to install gitolite" crowd.
As a bonus, though, I ended up making proper, hyper-linked, TOCs for
most of the docs, and moved a whole bunch of stuff around. Also finally
got some of the ssh stuff over from my git-notes repo because it really
belongs here.
the commits leading up to v1.5 caused the data format to change (we
added a rule sequence number).
This in turn caused a problem for people who may have installed using
the "system install / user setup" mode of install (which includes people
who used RPM/DEB to install it) -- they would now have to *manually* run
"gl-setup" once after the rpm/deb upgrade.
This commit *tries* to mitigate this problem by recording a data format
version number in the compiled output file. On any access to that file,
if the version number is not found or is found to be not equal to the
current version, gl-setup is run again.
The reason I say "*tries*" is that the exact command used to do this is
a bit of a hack for now. However, if it works for Fedora and Debian,
I'm going to leave it at that :)
There has been a format change to the compiled output file. As the
CHANGELOG says:
Upgrading to v1.5 from any version prior to v1.5 requires an extra
step for people who installed gitolite using the "system install /
user setup" method described in doc/0-INSTALL.mkd. For such
installations, after the administrator has upgraded gitolite
system-wide, each "gitolite host" user must run `gl-setup` once
(without any arguments).
This is *not* an issue if you installed using src/gl-easy-install.
Move the example code from doc/3 to contrib/gitweb/ and modify it
to work with both wildcard and non-wildcard setups.
Signed-off-by: Teemu Matilainen <teemu.matilainen@reaktor.fi>
(as if we didn't already have enough programs with the word "install" in
their names!)
Anyway, this does what an RPM or a DEB would do -- basically implement
the instructions in Appendix C of doc/0.
You can use this to do a system-wide install if your distro isn't as
smart, forward-looking, and uptodate as Fedora ;-)
Clone the repo somewhere, cd to it, and run, for example:
sudo src/gl-system-install /usr/local/bin /var/gitolite/conf /var/gitolite/hooks
or something like that. See doc/0 for details. Run without arguments
for help.
Ouch! How mortifying :) I'd always thought this was one of the Brit/US
differences, but to find out that it really *isn't* a word... hmph!
Anyway, in the interest of not breaking existing wild repos, the
ownership file is still called "gl-creater". Everything else has been
changed.
(...thanks to Sverre)
Having to specify "D" separately from RW or RW+ was cumbersome, and
although I don't actually use this feature, I can see the point.
One way to think of this is:
- RW and RW+ were the only existing branch level rights
- it doesnt make sense to have D rights without W (hence RW) rights
- so we simply suffix a D to these if required.
Thus you can have RW, RW+, RWD, RW+D.
I hope the (hopefully few) of you who have started to use this feature
will convert your configs when you next upgrade to "pu".
I now regret pushing the previous syntax to master too quickly -- lots
of people use master only, and on the next promotion of pu the syntax
will change. To reduce this exposure, this change will be promoted to
master very soon.
Previous implementations of "give shell access to some gitolite users"
feature were crap. There was no easy/elegant way to ensure that someone
who had repo admin access would not manage to get himself shell access.
Giving someone shell access requires that you should have shell access
in the first place, so the simplest way is to enable it from the server
side only.
So now that we decided to do that, we may as well prepare for other,
future, commands by starting a server-side utility program with
sub-commands (the only current one being "shell-add")
normally, RW+ means permission to rewind or delete.
Now, if you use "D" permission anywhere in a repo config, that means
"delete" and RW+ then means only "rewind", no delete.
- no need to put it at the end of the config file now, yeaaay!
- @all for @all is meaningless and not supported. People asking will
be told to get a life or use git-daemon.
- NAME/ limits for @all repos is ignored for efficiency reasons.
There are some disadvantages to the old-style personal branch scheme.
It only allows one specific pattern (of refname) to be used, forces that
pattern to be applicable to *all* repos in the entire config, and
requires editing the rc file (on the server) to be edited to achieve
this.
In other words, it's a very blunt instrument...
The new style depends on using lines like this within a specific repo
config:
RW+ personal/USER/ = @userlist
The important thing is that the "branch" name should contain `/USER/`
(including the slashes). Access is still determined by the right hand
side of course.
This gives you the following advantages:
- allow it only for repos that need it
- allow different patterns to be used for different repos
- allow *multiple* patterns; just add more than one such line
- allow the pattern to have suffixes (eg: foo/USER/bar)
the changes to cp/scp are because without "-p" they dont carry perms
across to existing files. So if you forgot to chmod +x your custom
hook and ran easy install, then after that you have to go to the server
side to fix the perms...
when repos are copied over from elsewhere, one had to run easy install
once again to make the new (OS-copied) repo contain the proper update
hook.
We eliminate this step now, using a new, empty, "hook" as a sentinel and
having "compile" check/fix all repos' hooks.
Since you have to add the repos to conf anyway, this makes it as
seamless as possible. The correct sequence now is
- (server) copy the repo at the OS level
- (admin clone) add it to conf/gitolite.conf, commit, push
(about this commit)
The install doc now describes both the ways of installing gitolite.
It also has a handy appendix for package maintainers describing what
they need to do.
(about the "dps" -- distro packaging support -- commit series)
This commit is the last in the chain meant to make gitolite more
friendly for package maintainers.
Frankly, I never really thought gitolite would get big enough or
important enough for someone to package it, and I always did just
the bare minimum I needed to get it working, first for myself, then
anyone who hopped onto #git and asked. As a result, it had some
quirks in terms of what is expected where and so on...
Luckily, it didn't take a lot of changes to fix it, and this series
of commits should help make it very easy to package gitolite for
system-wide use.
The wildrepos branch has been merged into master, and deleted. It will no
longer exist as a separate branch. Instead, a new variable
called $GL_WILDREPOS has been added which acts as a switch; when
off (which is the default), many wildrepos features are disabled.
(the "C" permissions, and the getperms (etc.) commands mainly).
Important: if you are using wildrepos, please set "$GL_WILDREPOS = 1;" in
the RC file when you upgrade to this version (or just before you do the
upgrade).
lots of conflicts, esp in gl-auth-command, due to refactoring the
"special commands" stuff on master
Conflicts:
doc/3-faq-tips-etc.mkd
src/gitolite.pm
src/gl-auth-command
src/gl-compile-conf
great idea by Robin Smidsrød: since users are already capable of
authenticating themselves to gitolite via ssh keys, use that to let them
set or change their own HTTP passwords (ie, run the "htpasswd" command
with the correct parameters on behalf of the "git" user on the server)
code, rc para, and documentation. In fact everything except... ahem...
testing ;-)
and while we're about it, we also reorganised the way these helper
commands (including the venerable "info" are called)
This is actually a pretty big deal, and I am seriously starting wonder
if calling this "gito*lite*" is justified anymore.
Anyway, in for a penny, in for a pound...
This patch implements a generic way to allow access control for external
commands, as long as they are invoked via ssh and present a server-side
command that contains enough information to make an access control
decision.
The first (and only, so far) such command implemented is rsync.
Please read the changes in this commit (at least the ones in conf/ and
doc/) carefully.
It's not clear whether $projectroot has or does not have a trailing
slash. Current code assumes it does, but we need to cater for it not
having one also. Otherwise the final reponame ends up with a leading
slash, once $projectroot has been stripped from the beginning of the
full repo path.
I know hardly anyone is using delegation, but if you find yourself
locked out from pushing because of this one little thing, do this:
* on your gitolite-admin clone, add the required lines per this patch,
and commit
* on the server, edit ~/.gitolite/conf/gitolite.conf-compiled.pm, and
delete the following line
'NAME_LIMITS' => 1
from the entry for "gitolite-admin" (if you don't know what that
means delete *all* such lines) and save the file
* back on your admin repo clone, do a push
I know hardly anyone is using delegation, but if you find yourself
locked out from pushing because of this one little thing, do this:
* on your gitolite-admin clone, add the required lines per this patch,
and commit
* on the server, edit ~/.gitolite/conf/gitolite.conf-compiled.pm, and
delete the following line
'NAME_LIMITS' => 1
from the entry for "gitolite-admin" (if you don't know what that
means delete *all* such lines) and save the file
* back on your admin repo clone, do a push
Stop conflating the privilege to push changes to the admin repo with the
privilege to get a shell on the server.
Please read doc/6 carefully before upgrading to this version. Also
please ensure that the gitolite key is *not* your only means to get a
command line on the server
This is a backward incompatible change. If you are using delegation and
you upgrade to this version, please do the following:
* change your gitolite.conf file to use the new syntax (see
doc/5-delegation.mkd in this commit)
* for each branch "foo" in the gitolite-admin repo, do this:
# (on "master" branch)
git checkout foo -- conf/fragments/foo.conf
* git add all those new fragments and commit to master
* delete all the branches on your clone and the server
# again, for each branch foo
git branch -D foo
git push origin :foo
Gitolite allows you to restrict changes by file/dir name. The syntax
for this used "PATH/" as a prefix to denote such file/dir patterns.
This has now been changed to "NAME/" because PATH is potentially
confusing.
While this is technically a backward-incompatible change, the feature
itself was hitherto undocumented, and only a few people were using it,
so I guess it's not that bad...
Also added documentation now.
we had usurped the email style syntax to separate multiple keys
belonging to the same person, like sitaram@desktop.pub and
sitaram@laptop.pub. If you have so many users that you need the full
email address to disambiguate some of them (or you want to do it for
just plain convenience), you couldn't.
This patch fixes that in a backward compatible way. See
doc/3-faq-tips-etc.mkd for details.
This feature has *no* warranty, and so no documentation. Not more than
this transcript anyway.
config file:
@prof = u1
@TAs = u2 u3
@students = u4 u5 u6
repo assignments/CREATER/a[0-9][0-9]
C = @students
RW+ = CREATER
RW = WRITERS @TAs
R = READERS @prof
session:
as user "u4":
# check your permissions
$ ssh git@server
PTY allocation request failed on channel 0
hello u4, the gitolite version here is v0.95-31-gbcb14ca
you have the following permissions:
C assignments/CREATER/a[0-9][0-9]
@ @ testing
Connection to localhost closed.
# autovivify repos for assignment 12 and 24
$ git clone git@server:assignments/u4/a12 a12
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/sitaram/t/a12/.git/
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/gitolite/repositories/assignments/u4/a12.git/
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
$ git clone git@server:assignments/u4/a24 a24
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/sitaram/t/a24/.git/
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/gitolite/repositories/assignments/u4/a24.git/
warning: You appear to have cloned an empty repository.
# check what repos you autovivified
$ ssh git@server expand assignments/u4/a[0-9][0-9]
(u4) assignments/u4/a12
(u4) assignments/u4/a24
as user "u5":
# check your basic permissions
$ ssh git@server
PTY allocation request failed on channel 0
hello u5, the gitolite version here is v0.95-31-gbcb14ca
you have the following permissions:
C assignments/CREATER/a[0-9][0-9]
@ @ testing
Connection to localhost closed.
# see if you have access to any of u4's repos
$ ssh git@server expand assignments/u4/a[0-9][0-9]
# (no output produced)
as user "u4":
# allow "u5" read access to assignment 12
# note you type in "R u5", hit enter, then hit Ctrl-D. Gitolite
# then produces a confirmation message starting "New perms are:"
$ ssh git@server setperms assignments/u4/a12
R u5
New perms are:
R u5
as user "u5":
# again see if you have access to any u4 repos
$ ssh git@server expand assignments/u4/a[0-9][0-9]
(u4) assignments/u4/a12
as user "u4":
# check what permissions you gave to assignment 12
$ ssh git@server getperms assignments/u4/a12
R u5
# add RW access to "u6" to assignment 12
# again, type 'em in, then hit Ctrl-D; and note each time you run
# this you're starting from scratch -- you can't "add to" the
# permissions. Deal with it...
$ ssh git@server setperms assignments/u4/a12
R u5
RW u6
New perms are:
R u5
RW u6
as user "u6":
# check what u4 stuff you have access to
$ ssh git@server expand assignments/u4/a[0-9][0-9]
(u4) assignments/u4/a12
@all in a deny rule doesnt work as it might look in the config file,
because @all rights are checked last. This is fine if you dont have any
DENYs (and so rule order doesn't matter), but with DENY it causes some
problems.
I never bothered to document it because I did not expect that any repo
that is "serious" enough to have deny rules *at all* should then allow
*any* kind of "write* access to @all. That's a very big contradiction
in terms of paranoia!
Translation: this will not be supported. Don't bother asking. You know
who you are :)
Well, something even more outrageous than deny rules and path-based
limits came along, so I decided that "rebel" was actually quite
"conformist" in comparision ;-)
Jokes apart, the fact is that the access control rules, even when using
deny rules and path-limits, are still *auditable*. Which means it is
good enough for "corporate use".
[The stuff that I'm working on now takes away the auditability aspect --
individual users can "own" repos, create rules for themselves, etc.
So let's just say that is the basis of distinguishing "master" now.]
Summary: much as I did not want to use "excludes", I guess if we don't put the
code in "master" it's OK to at least *write* (and test) the code!
See the example config file for how to use it.
See "design choices" section in the "faq, tips, etc" document for how it
works.
- refuse to install to root
- when a pubkey is being used that was not freshly created by
ourselves, warn the user that this key can not be used to get shell
access to the server. Prevents some corner cases of people being
locked out...
Also, change the final message to be even more clear that this is all on
the workstation, not the server
I don't have a use for "@all" at all (pun not intended!) other than the
"testing" repo, but <teemu dot matilainen at iki dot fi> sent in a patch
to mark those repos with "R" and "W" in the permissions list, and I
started thinking about it.
This could actually be useful if we *differentiated* such access from
normal (explicit username) access. From the "corporate environment"
angle, it would be nice if a project manager could quickly check if any
of his projects have erroneously been made accessible by @all.
So what we do now is print "@" in the corresponding column if "@all" has
the corresponding access.
Also, when someone has access both as himself *and* via @all, we print
the "@"; printing the "R" or "W" would hide the "@", and wouldn't
correctly satisfy the use case described above.
- it appears that what we call $repo_base, gitweb already needs as
$projectroot
- allow read of repos defined as readable by @all
plus some minor declaration changes to make the sample code work as is
(thanks to teemu dot matilainen at iki dot fi)
- all $HOME/blah becomes "$HOME/blah" (bl**dy "Documents and Settings" crap)
- replace bash regex with perl, and in one case replace the check with
something else
- rsync changed to appropriate scp
- since we no longer insist on running from a specific directory, create
tmpgli dir *after* you cd to the right place
You can now add your own hooks into src/hooks/ and they get propagated
along with the update hook that is present there now. Please read the
new section in the admin document, and make sure you understand the
security implications of accidentally fiddling with the "update" script.
This also prompted a major rename spree of all the files to be
consistent, etc. Plus people said that the .sh and .pl suffixes should
be avoided (and I was feeling the same way). I've also been
inconsistent with that "gl-" prefix, so I cleaned that up, and the 00-
and 99- were also funny animals.
Time to get all this cleaned up before we get 1.0 :)
So these are the changes, in case you're looking at just the commit
message and not the diffstat:
src/pta-hook.sh -> src/ga-post-update-hook
src/conf-convert.pl -> src/gl-conf-convert
src/00-easy-install.sh -> src/gl-easy-install
src/99-emergency-addkey.sh -> src/gl-emergency-addkey
src/install.pl -> src/gl-install
src/update-hook.pl -> src/hooks/update
**upgrades no longer touch the config or the keydir**
When you first install gitolite, the easy install script has to do two
*distinct* things:
* install the software
* create and seed the gitolite-admin repo with a minimum config file
and the newly created pubkey
That's fine for an install, because nothing exists yet anyway.
Subsequent invocations of the script should only do the first task (so
that gitolite itself can be upgraded), and not attempt to fiddle with
the config file and pubkeys.
Unfortunately, until now I had not been separating these two activities
cleanly enough. For instance, the commit message for 8e47e01 said:
IMPORTANT: we assume that $admin_name remains the same in an upgrade
-- that's how we detect it is an upgrade! Change that name or his
pubkey, and you're toast!
Ouch!
So now I decided to clean things up. The "Usage" message tells you
clearly what to do for an upgrade.
Should have been like this from the beginning, but hey we got there
eventually :)
----
Code-wise, this is a major refactor of the easy install script. It uses
an old forgotten trick to get forward refs for bash functions ;-) and in
the process cleans up the flow quite a bit.
- README: add a "what" section first, plus a few minor fixes
- doc/5:
- remove reference to obsolete ml branch URL; point it to the right
place with the right section name
- change text to reflect the fact that p-t-a is now the default!
- added comments to easy install to help do it manually
- README: some stuff moved to tips doc, brief summary of extras
(over gitosis) added
- INSTALL: major revamp, easy install and manual install,
much shorter and much more readable!
plus other docs changed as needed, and updated the tips doc to roll in
some details from "update.mkd" in the "ml" branch
Summary:
DONT forget to run src/gl-compile-conf as the last step in the upgrade
Details:
The compiled file format has changed quite a bit, to make it easier for the
rebel edition coming up :-)
compile:
- we don't split RW/RW+ into individual perms anymore
- we store the info required for the first level check separately now:
(repo, R/W, user)
- the order for second level check is now:
repo, user, [{ref=>perms}...] (list of hashes)
update hook logic: the first refex that:
- matches the incoming ref, AND
- contains the perm you're trying to use,
causes the match loop to exit with success. Fallthrough is failure
- detect/warn git version < 1.6.2
- create documentation with details on client-side workaround
- change the "git init --bare" to (older) "git --bare init", since the old
syntax still works anyway
why should just usernames have all the fun :) The "expand_userlist" function
is now "expand_list" and serves generically. The example conf has also been
updated correspondingly
- logs go into $GL_ADMINDIR/logs by default, named by year-month
- logfile name template (including dir prefix) now in $GL_LOGT
- two new env vars passed down: GL_TS and GL_LOG (timestamp, logfilename)
- log messages timestamps more compact, fields tab-delimited
- old and new SHAs cut to 14 characters
- install is even clearer now (I hope!), esp to people with root
access who seem to expect something else :)
- used path vars (from ~/.gitolite.rc) more consistently, and
- added refeerences to ~/.gitolite.rc for resolving them
