647 lines
26 KiB
Ruby
647 lines
26 KiB
Ruby
require 'action_mailer/adv_attr_accessor'
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require 'action_mailer/part'
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require 'action_mailer/part_container'
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require 'action_mailer/utils'
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require 'tmail/net'
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module ActionMailer #:nodoc:
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# Action Mailer allows you to send email from your application using a mailer model and views.
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#
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#
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# = Mailer Models
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#
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# To use Action Mailer, you need to create a mailer model.
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#
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# $ script/generate mailer Notifier
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#
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# The generated model inherits from ActionMailer::Base. Emails are defined by creating methods within the model which are then
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# used to set variables to be used in the mail template, to change options on the mail, or
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# to add attachments.
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#
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# Examples:
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#
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# class Notifier < ActionMailer::Base
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# def signup_notification(recipient)
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# recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
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# from "system@example.com"
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# subject "New account information"
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# body :account => recipient
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# end
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# end
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#
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# Mailer methods have the following configuration methods available.
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#
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# * <tt>recipients</tt> - Takes one or more email addresses. These addresses are where your email will be delivered to. Sets the <tt>To:</tt> header.
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# * <tt>subject</tt> - The subject of your email. Sets the <tt>Subject:</tt> header.
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# * <tt>from</tt> - Who the email you are sending is from. Sets the <tt>From:</tt> header.
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# * <tt>cc</tt> - Takes one or more email addresses. These addresses will receive a carbon copy of your email. Sets the <tt>Cc:</tt> header.
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# * <tt>bcc</tt> - Takes one or more email addresses. These addresses will receive a blind carbon copy of your email. Sets the <tt>Bcc:</tt> header.
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# * <tt>reply_to</tt> - Takes one or more email addresses. These addresses will be listed as the default recipients when replying to your email. Sets the <tt>Reply-To:</tt> header.
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# * <tt>sent_on</tt> - The date on which the message was sent. If not set, the header wil be set by the delivery agent.
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# * <tt>content_type</tt> - Specify the content type of the message. Defaults to <tt>text/plain</tt>.
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# * <tt>headers</tt> - Specify additional headers to be set for the message, e.g. <tt>headers 'X-Mail-Count' => 107370</tt>.
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#
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# When a <tt>headers 'return-path'</tt> is specified, that value will be used as the 'envelope from'
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# address. Setting this is useful when you want delivery notifications sent to a different address than
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# the one in <tt>from</tt>.
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#
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# The <tt>body</tt> method has special behavior. It takes a hash which generates an instance variable
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# named after each key in the hash containing the value that that key points to.
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#
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# So, for example, <tt>body :account => recipient</tt> would result
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# in an instance variable <tt>@account</tt> with the value of <tt>recipient</tt> being accessible in the
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# view.
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#
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#
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# = Mailer views
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#
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# Like Action Controller, each mailer class has a corresponding view directory
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# in which each method of the class looks for a template with its name.
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# To define a template to be used with a mailing, create an <tt>.erb</tt> file with the same name as the method
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# in your mailer model. For example, in the mailer defined above, the template at
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# <tt>app/views/notifier/signup_notification.erb</tt> would be used to generate the email.
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#
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# Variables defined in the model are accessible as instance variables in the view.
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#
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# Emails by default are sent in plain text, so a sample view for our model example might look like this:
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#
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# Hi <%= @account.name %>,
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# Thanks for joining our service! Please check back often.
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#
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# You can even use Action Pack helpers in these views. For example:
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#
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# You got a new note!
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# <%= truncate(note.body, 25) %>
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#
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#
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# = Generating URLs
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#
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# URLs can be generated in mailer views using <tt>url_for</tt> or named routes.
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# Unlike controllers from Action Pack, the mailer instance doesn't have any context about the incoming request,
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# so you'll need to provide all of the details needed to generate a URL.
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#
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# When using <tt>url_for</tt> you'll need to provide the <tt>:host</tt>, <tt>:controller</tt>, and <tt>:action</tt>:
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#
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# <%= url_for(:host => "example.com", :controller => "welcome", :action => "greeting") %>
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#
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# When using named routes you only need to supply the <tt>:host</tt>:
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#
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# <%= users_url(:host => "example.com") %>
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#
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# You will want to avoid using the <tt>name_of_route_path</tt> form of named routes because it doesn't make sense to
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# generate relative URLs in email messages.
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#
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# It is also possible to set a default host that will be used in all mailers by setting the <tt>:host</tt> option in
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# the <tt>ActionMailer::Base.default_url_options</tt> hash as follows:
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#
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# ActionMailer::Base.default_url_options[:host] = "example.com"
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#
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# This can also be set as a configuration option in <tt>config/environment.rb</tt>:
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#
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# config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { :host => "example.com" }
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#
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# If you do decide to set a default <tt>:host</tt> for your mailers you will want to use the
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# <tt>:only_path => false</tt> option when using <tt>url_for</tt>. This will ensure that absolute URLs are generated because
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# the <tt>url_for</tt> view helper will, by default, generate relative URLs when a <tt>:host</tt> option isn't
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# explicitly provided.
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#
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# = Sending mail
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#
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# Once a mailer action and template are defined, you can deliver your message or create it and save it
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# for delivery later:
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#
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# Notifier.deliver_signup_notification(david) # sends the email
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# mail = Notifier.create_signup_notification(david) # => a tmail object
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# Notifier.deliver(mail)
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#
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# You never instantiate your mailer class. Rather, your delivery instance
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# methods are automatically wrapped in class methods that start with the word
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# <tt>deliver_</tt> followed by the name of the mailer method that you would
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# like to deliver. The <tt>signup_notification</tt> method defined above is
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# delivered by invoking <tt>Notifier.deliver_signup_notification</tt>.
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#
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#
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# = HTML email
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#
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# To send mail as HTML, make sure your view (the <tt>.erb</tt> file) generates HTML and
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# set the content type to html.
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#
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# class MyMailer < ActionMailer::Base
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# def signup_notification(recipient)
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# recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
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# subject "New account information"
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# from "system@example.com"
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# body :account => recipient
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# content_type "text/html"
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# end
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# end
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#
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#
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# = Multipart email
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#
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# You can explicitly specify multipart messages:
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#
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# class ApplicationMailer < ActionMailer::Base
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# def signup_notification(recipient)
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# recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
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# subject "New account information"
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# from "system@example.com"
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# content_type "multipart/alternative"
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#
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# part :content_type => "text/html",
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# :body => render_message("signup-as-html", :account => recipient)
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#
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# part "text/plain" do |p|
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# p.body = render_message("signup-as-plain", :account => recipient)
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# p.transfer_encoding = "base64"
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# end
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# end
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# end
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#
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# Multipart messages can also be used implicitly because Action Mailer will automatically
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# detect and use multipart templates, where each template is named after the name of the action, followed
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# by the content type. Each such detected template will be added as separate part to the message.
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#
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# For example, if the following templates existed:
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# * signup_notification.text.plain.erb
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# * signup_notification.text.html.erb
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# * signup_notification.text.xml.builder
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# * signup_notification.text.x-yaml.erb
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#
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# Each would be rendered and added as a separate part to the message,
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# with the corresponding content type. The content type for the entire
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# message is automatically set to <tt>multipart/alternative</tt>, which indicates
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# that the email contains multiple different representations of the same email
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# body. The same body hash is passed to each template.
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#
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# Implicit template rendering is not performed if any attachments or parts have been added to the email.
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# This means that you'll have to manually add each part to the email and set the content type of the email
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# to <tt>multipart/alternative</tt>.
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#
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# = Attachments
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#
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# Attachments can be added by using the +attachment+ method.
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#
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# Example:
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#
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# class ApplicationMailer < ActionMailer::Base
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# # attachments
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# def signup_notification(recipient)
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# recipients recipient.email_address_with_name
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# subject "New account information"
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# from "system@example.com"
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#
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# attachment :content_type => "image/jpeg",
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# :body => File.read("an-image.jpg")
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#
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# attachment "application/pdf" do |a|
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# a.body = generate_your_pdf_here()
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# end
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# end
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# end
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#
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#
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# = Configuration options
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#
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# These options are specified on the class level, like <tt>ActionMailer::Base.template_root = "/my/templates"</tt>
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#
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# * <tt>template_root</tt> - Determines the base from which template references will be made.
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#
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# * <tt>logger</tt> - the logger is used for generating information on the mailing run if available.
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# Can be set to nil for no logging. Compatible with both Ruby's own Logger and Log4r loggers.
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#
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# * <tt>smtp_settings</tt> - Allows detailed configuration for <tt>:smtp</tt> delivery method:
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# * <tt>:address</tt> - Allows you to use a remote mail server. Just change it from its default "localhost" setting.
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# * <tt>:port</tt> - On the off chance that your mail server doesn't run on port 25, you can change it.
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# * <tt>:domain</tt> - If you need to specify a HELO domain, you can do it here.
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# * <tt>:user_name</tt> - If your mail server requires authentication, set the username in this setting.
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# * <tt>:password</tt> - If your mail server requires authentication, set the password in this setting.
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# * <tt>:authentication</tt> - If your mail server requires authentication, you need to specify the authentication type here.
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# This is a symbol and one of <tt>:plain</tt>, <tt>:login</tt>, <tt>:cram_md5</tt>.
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#
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# * <tt>sendmail_settings</tt> - Allows you to override options for the <tt>:sendmail</tt> delivery method.
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# * <tt>:location</tt> - The location of the sendmail executable. Defaults to <tt>/usr/sbin/sendmail</tt>.
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# * <tt>:arguments</tt> - The command line arguments. Defaults to <tt>-i -t</tt>.
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#
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# * <tt>raise_delivery_errors</tt> - Whether or not errors should be raised if the email fails to be delivered.
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#
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# * <tt>delivery_method</tt> - Defines a delivery method. Possible values are <tt>:smtp</tt> (default), <tt>:sendmail</tt>, and <tt>:test</tt>.
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#
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# * <tt>perform_deliveries</tt> - Determines whether <tt>deliver_*</tt> methods are actually carried out. By default they are,
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# but this can be turned off to help functional testing.
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#
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# * <tt>deliveries</tt> - Keeps an array of all the emails sent out through the Action Mailer with <tt>delivery_method :test</tt>. Most useful
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# for unit and functional testing.
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#
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# * <tt>default_charset</tt> - The default charset used for the body and to encode the subject. Defaults to UTF-8. You can also
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# pick a different charset from inside a method with +charset+.
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# * <tt>default_content_type</tt> - The default content type used for the main part of the message. Defaults to "text/plain". You
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# can also pick a different content type from inside a method with +content_type+.
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# * <tt>default_mime_version</tt> - The default mime version used for the message. Defaults to <tt>1.0</tt>. You
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# can also pick a different value from inside a method with +mime_version+.
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# * <tt>default_implicit_parts_order</tt> - When a message is built implicitly (i.e. multiple parts are assembled from templates
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# which specify the content type in their filenames) this variable controls how the parts are ordered. Defaults to
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# <tt>["text/html", "text/enriched", "text/plain"]</tt>. Items that appear first in the array have higher priority in the mail client
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# and appear last in the mime encoded message. You can also pick a different order from inside a method with
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# +implicit_parts_order+.
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class Base
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include AdvAttrAccessor, PartContainer
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include ActionController::UrlWriter if Object.const_defined?(:ActionController)
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private_class_method :new #:nodoc:
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class_inheritable_accessor :template_root
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cattr_accessor :logger
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cattr_accessor :template_extensions
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@@template_extensions = ['erb', 'builder', 'rhtml', 'rxml']
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@@smtp_settings = {
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:address => "localhost",
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:port => 25,
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:domain => 'localhost.localdomain',
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:user_name => nil,
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:password => nil,
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:authentication => nil
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}
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cattr_accessor :smtp_settings
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@@sendmail_settings = {
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:location => '/usr/sbin/sendmail',
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:arguments => '-i -t'
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}
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cattr_accessor :sendmail_settings
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@@raise_delivery_errors = true
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cattr_accessor :raise_delivery_errors
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superclass_delegating_accessor :delivery_method
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self.delivery_method = :smtp
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@@perform_deliveries = true
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cattr_accessor :perform_deliveries
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@@deliveries = []
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cattr_accessor :deliveries
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@@default_charset = "utf-8"
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cattr_accessor :default_charset
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@@default_content_type = "text/plain"
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cattr_accessor :default_content_type
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@@default_mime_version = "1.0"
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cattr_accessor :default_mime_version
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@@default_implicit_parts_order = [ "text/html", "text/enriched", "text/plain" ]
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cattr_accessor :default_implicit_parts_order
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# Specify the BCC addresses for the message
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adv_attr_accessor :bcc
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# Define the body of the message. This is either a Hash (in which case it
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# specifies the variables to pass to the template when it is rendered),
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# or a string, in which case it specifies the actual text of the message.
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adv_attr_accessor :body
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# Specify the CC addresses for the message.
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adv_attr_accessor :cc
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# Specify the charset to use for the message. This defaults to the
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# +default_charset+ specified for ActionMailer::Base.
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adv_attr_accessor :charset
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# Specify the content type for the message. This defaults to <tt>text/plain</tt>
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# in most cases, but can be automatically set in some situations.
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adv_attr_accessor :content_type
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# Specify the from address for the message.
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adv_attr_accessor :from
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# Specify the address (if different than the "from" address) to direct
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# replies to this message.
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adv_attr_accessor :reply_to
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# Specify additional headers to be added to the message.
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adv_attr_accessor :headers
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# Specify the order in which parts should be sorted, based on content-type.
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# This defaults to the value for the +default_implicit_parts_order+.
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adv_attr_accessor :implicit_parts_order
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# Defaults to "1.0", but may be explicitly given if needed.
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adv_attr_accessor :mime_version
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# The recipient addresses for the message, either as a string (for a single
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# address) or an array (for multiple addresses).
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adv_attr_accessor :recipients
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# The date on which the message was sent. If not set (the default), the
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# header will be set by the delivery agent.
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adv_attr_accessor :sent_on
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# Specify the subject of the message.
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adv_attr_accessor :subject
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# Specify the template name to use for current message. This is the "base"
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# template name, without the extension or directory, and may be used to
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# have multiple mailer methods share the same template.
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adv_attr_accessor :template
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# Override the mailer name, which defaults to an inflected version of the
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# mailer's class name. If you want to use a template in a non-standard
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# location, you can use this to specify that location.
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def mailer_name(value = nil)
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if value
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self.mailer_name = value
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else
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self.class.mailer_name
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end
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end
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def mailer_name=(value)
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self.class.mailer_name = value
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end
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# The mail object instance referenced by this mailer.
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attr_reader :mail
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class << self
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attr_writer :mailer_name
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def mailer_name
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@mailer_name ||= name.underscore
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end
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# for ActionView compatibility
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alias_method :controller_name, :mailer_name
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alias_method :controller_path, :mailer_name
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def method_missing(method_symbol, *parameters)#:nodoc:
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case method_symbol.id2name
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when /^create_([_a-z]\w*)/ then new($1, *parameters).mail
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when /^deliver_([_a-z]\w*)/ then new($1, *parameters).deliver!
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when "new" then nil
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else super
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end
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end
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# Receives a raw email, parses it into an email object, decodes it,
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# instantiates a new mailer, and passes the email object to the mailer
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# object's +receive+ method. If you want your mailer to be able to
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# process incoming messages, you'll need to implement a +receive+
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# method that accepts the email object as a parameter:
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#
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# class MyMailer < ActionMailer::Base
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# def receive(mail)
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# ...
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# end
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# end
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def receive(raw_email)
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logger.info "Received mail:\n #{raw_email}" unless logger.nil?
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mail = TMail::Mail.parse(raw_email)
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mail.base64_decode
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new.receive(mail)
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end
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# Deliver the given mail object directly. This can be used to deliver
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# a preconstructed mail object, like:
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#
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# email = MyMailer.create_some_mail(parameters)
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# email.set_some_obscure_header "frobnicate"
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# MyMailer.deliver(email)
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def deliver(mail)
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new.deliver!(mail)
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end
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# Register a template extension so mailer templates written in a
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# templating language other than rhtml or rxml are supported.
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# To use this, include in your template-language plugin's init
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# code or on a per-application basis, this can be invoked from
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# <tt>config/environment.rb</tt>:
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#
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# ActionMailer::Base.register_template_extension('haml')
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def register_template_extension(extension)
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template_extensions << extension
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end
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def template_root=(root)
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write_inheritable_attribute(:template_root, root)
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ActionView::TemplateFinder.process_view_paths(root)
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end
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end
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# Instantiate a new mailer object. If +method_name+ is not +nil+, the mailer
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# will be initialized according to the named method. If not, the mailer will
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# remain uninitialized (useful when you only need to invoke the "receive"
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# method, for instance).
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def initialize(method_name=nil, *parameters) #:nodoc:
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create!(method_name, *parameters) if method_name
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end
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# Initialize the mailer via the given +method_name+. The body will be
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# rendered and a new TMail::Mail object created.
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def create!(method_name, *parameters) #:nodoc:
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initialize_defaults(method_name)
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__send__(method_name, *parameters)
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|
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# If an explicit, textual body has not been set, we check assumptions.
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unless String === @body
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# First, we look to see if there are any likely templates that match,
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|
# which include the content-type in their file name (i.e.,
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# "the_template_file.text.html.erb", etc.). Only do this if parts
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|
# have not already been specified manually.
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if @parts.empty?
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templates = Dir.glob("#{template_path}/#{@template}.*")
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templates.each do |path|
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basename = File.basename(path)
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template_regex = Regexp.new("^([^\\\.]+)\\\.([^\\\.]+\\\.[^\\\.]+)\\\.(" + template_extensions.join('|') + ")$")
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next unless md = template_regex.match(basename)
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template_name = basename
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content_type = md.captures[1].gsub('.', '/')
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@parts << Part.new(:content_type => content_type,
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:disposition => "inline", :charset => charset,
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:body => render_message(template_name, @body))
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end
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unless @parts.empty?
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@content_type = "multipart/alternative"
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@parts = sort_parts(@parts, @implicit_parts_order)
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end
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|
end
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|
|
|
# Then, if there were such templates, we check to see if we ought to
|
|
# also render a "normal" template (without the content type). If a
|
|
# normal template exists (or if there were no implicit parts) we render
|
|
# it.
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|
template_exists = @parts.empty?
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|
template_exists ||= Dir.glob("#{template_path}/#{@template}.*").any? { |i| File.basename(i).split(".").length == 2 }
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@body = render_message(@template, @body) if template_exists
|
|
|
|
# Finally, if there are other message parts and a textual body exists,
|
|
# we shift it onto the front of the parts and set the body to nil (so
|
|
# that create_mail doesn't try to render it in addition to the parts).
|
|
if !@parts.empty? && String === @body
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|
@parts.unshift Part.new(:charset => charset, :body => @body)
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|
@body = nil
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# If this is a multipart e-mail add the mime_version if it is not
|
|
# already set.
|
|
@mime_version ||= "1.0" if !@parts.empty?
|
|
|
|
# build the mail object itself
|
|
@mail = create_mail
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Delivers a TMail::Mail object. By default, it delivers the cached mail
|
|
# object (from the <tt>create!</tt> method). If no cached mail object exists, and
|
|
# no alternate has been given as the parameter, this will fail.
|
|
def deliver!(mail = @mail)
|
|
raise "no mail object available for delivery!" unless mail
|
|
unless logger.nil?
|
|
logger.info "Sent mail to #{Array(recipients).join(', ')}"
|
|
logger.debug "\n#{mail.encoded}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
begin
|
|
__send__("perform_delivery_#{delivery_method}", mail) if perform_deliveries
|
|
rescue Exception => e # Net::SMTP errors or sendmail pipe errors
|
|
raise e if raise_delivery_errors
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
return mail
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
private
|
|
# Set up the default values for the various instance variables of this
|
|
# mailer. Subclasses may override this method to provide different
|
|
# defaults.
|
|
def initialize_defaults(method_name)
|
|
@charset ||= @@default_charset.dup
|
|
@content_type ||= @@default_content_type.dup
|
|
@implicit_parts_order ||= @@default_implicit_parts_order.dup
|
|
@template ||= method_name
|
|
@mailer_name ||= self.class.name.underscore
|
|
@parts ||= []
|
|
@headers ||= {}
|
|
@body ||= {}
|
|
@mime_version = @@default_mime_version.dup if @@default_mime_version
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def render_message(method_name, body)
|
|
render :file => method_name, :body => body
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def render(opts)
|
|
body = opts.delete(:body)
|
|
if opts[:file] && opts[:file] !~ /\//
|
|
opts[:file] = "#{mailer_name}/#{opts[:file]}"
|
|
end
|
|
initialize_template_class(body).render(opts)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def template_path
|
|
"#{template_root}/#{mailer_name}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def initialize_template_class(assigns)
|
|
ActionView::Base.new([template_root], assigns, self)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def sort_parts(parts, order = [])
|
|
order = order.collect { |s| s.downcase }
|
|
|
|
parts = parts.sort do |a, b|
|
|
a_ct = a.content_type.downcase
|
|
b_ct = b.content_type.downcase
|
|
|
|
a_in = order.include? a_ct
|
|
b_in = order.include? b_ct
|
|
|
|
s = case
|
|
when a_in && b_in
|
|
order.index(a_ct) <=> order.index(b_ct)
|
|
when a_in
|
|
-1
|
|
when b_in
|
|
1
|
|
else
|
|
a_ct <=> b_ct
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# reverse the ordering because parts that come last are displayed
|
|
# first in mail clients
|
|
(s * -1)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
parts
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def create_mail
|
|
m = TMail::Mail.new
|
|
|
|
m.subject, = quote_any_if_necessary(charset, subject)
|
|
m.to, m.from = quote_any_address_if_necessary(charset, recipients, from)
|
|
m.bcc = quote_address_if_necessary(bcc, charset) unless bcc.nil?
|
|
m.cc = quote_address_if_necessary(cc, charset) unless cc.nil?
|
|
m.reply_to = quote_address_if_necessary(reply_to, charset) unless reply_to.nil?
|
|
m.mime_version = mime_version unless mime_version.nil?
|
|
m.date = sent_on.to_time rescue sent_on if sent_on
|
|
|
|
headers.each { |k, v| m[k] = v }
|
|
|
|
real_content_type, ctype_attrs = parse_content_type
|
|
|
|
if @parts.empty?
|
|
m.set_content_type(real_content_type, nil, ctype_attrs)
|
|
m.body = Utils.normalize_new_lines(body)
|
|
else
|
|
if String === body
|
|
part = TMail::Mail.new
|
|
part.body = Utils.normalize_new_lines(body)
|
|
part.set_content_type(real_content_type, nil, ctype_attrs)
|
|
part.set_content_disposition "inline"
|
|
m.parts << part
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
@parts.each do |p|
|
|
part = (TMail::Mail === p ? p : p.to_mail(self))
|
|
m.parts << part
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
if real_content_type =~ /multipart/
|
|
ctype_attrs.delete "charset"
|
|
m.set_content_type(real_content_type, nil, ctype_attrs)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
@mail = m
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def perform_delivery_smtp(mail)
|
|
destinations = mail.destinations
|
|
mail.ready_to_send
|
|
sender = mail['return-path'] || mail.from
|
|
|
|
Net::SMTP.start(smtp_settings[:address], smtp_settings[:port], smtp_settings[:domain],
|
|
smtp_settings[:user_name], smtp_settings[:password], smtp_settings[:authentication]) do |smtp|
|
|
smtp.sendmail(mail.encoded, sender, destinations)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def perform_delivery_sendmail(mail)
|
|
sendmail_args = sendmail_settings[:arguments]
|
|
sendmail_args += " -f \"#{mail['return-path']}\"" if mail['return-path']
|
|
IO.popen("#{sendmail_settings[:location]} #{sendmail_args}","w+") do |sm|
|
|
sm.print(mail.encoded.gsub(/\r/, ''))
|
|
sm.flush
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def perform_delivery_test(mail)
|
|
deliveries << mail
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|