gitolite/doc/developer-notes.mkd

# F=dev_notes developer/patch maintainer notes

## general stuff

  * all scripts and libraries must be in the same directory.  However, RPM/DEB
    packagers can put the libraries where they want, as long as they can be
    found in perl's default `@INC`.

  * gl-auth-command **requires** an actual `~/.gitolite.rc` (except if your
    initials are "JK" or "DG", in which case `/etc/gitolite/gitolite.rc` also
    works!)  It knows how to look around and set env vars etc correctly

  * all programs except gl-auth-command **require** the environment variables
    `GL_RC` and `GL_BINDIR` set properly.  Your best bet is to run them *via*
    gl-auth-command, like so:

        path/to/gl-auth-command -e other_program other_program_arguments

    In any case none of these programs are meant to be run manually -- pretty
    much all of them are run via gl-auth-command or from something that was
    forked from it so the variables *will* exist during normal operation.

## the rc file

The 'rc' file has one major change from v1: any new values in the rc file need
to be added to the @EXPORT list in `src/gitolite_rc.pm`.

## modules

There are 3 "modules" (`gitolite_rc`, `gitolite_env`, and `gitolite` itself).
Their purposes should be fairly obvious.

## that 'bindir' thing

The importance of `GL_BINDIR` is that the command= argument in
`~/.ssh/authorized_keys` must be a full path, ideally, and the compile script
gets this from `GL_BINDIR`.

### from perl

  * for frequently run perl programs, I prefer my method

      * gl-auth-command -- this is invoked with a full path
      * gl-mirror-shell -- same as above
      * gl-time -- same as above

  * "their" ideal is "FindBin".  I will use it only on manually or
    infrequently run programs

      * gl-setup-authkeys (external shim to compile keys separately from PTA)

### from shell

  * a perl program called gl-query-rc finds its own BINDIR (using my perl
    method, not FindBin).  This is suitable for calling from shell scripts
    as `${0%/*}/gl-query-rc GL_BINDIR`

      * gl-setup
      * gl-tool
      * gl-mirror-push

### OUTLIER!

  * gl-admin-push is an outlier.  For some silly reason I have the notion that
    even if it runs from /tmp it should get the right values, so it is the
    only one that interrogates `~/.ssh/authorized_keys` to get the actual
    BINDIR in use!

## special types of setups

### Fedora

Fedora has a very special setup, as follows:

  * each user has his own userid and login
  * his/her ~/.ssh/authkeys file (containing only his/her key) has a
    "command=" clause invoking gl-auth-command
  * trusted users have "gl-auth-command -s" meaning they can get a shell if
    they want to

  * actual git repos are under "git" (or some such), and include the chmod g+s
    (git init --shared) unix perms tricks for shared access.  (<font
    color="gray">Starting with git 1.7.something, you would also need to
    explicitly delete the new receive.denyNonFastForwards setting that git
    seems to default to when you use --shared</font>).

  * but since they're coming through gl-auth, branch-level acls are in effect

  * the gitolite config file is generated from some database and compiled (all
    via cron)

  * the keydir/ is empty; in fact they probably don't use the admin repo at
    all, AFAIK

The most important implication of this setup is that **the RC file is no
longer is `$HOME` of the 'git' user**.  They keep it in
`/etc/gitolite/gitolite.rc`.  This means that a properly setup rc file must
already be present in `/etc/gitolite/gitolite.rc` before doing any such
installs.

There are also some other "impedance mismatches" that may show up.  For
example, the gl-setup triggered by detecting a change in `$data_version`
following an RPM update once caused problems.  This auto-update is designed to
run on the next "hit" of any kind (which arguably makes things very easy in
normal installations), but in Fedora's case it also means it runs *as that
user*.  Who may not have "write" access to `$GL_ADMINDIR`!  So the compile
fails, and you now have new code trying to work with old format data.

The solution is to explicitly run a compile, from a properly privileged
userid, as soon as you do an RPM upgrade.

# **Why v2?**

I went onto `#perl` to ask some question about setpriority() and got yelled at
for writing "horrible code".  And that was one of the kinder comments; my
rather fragile ego is trying to forget the rest ;-)

They also gave me a link to a PDF book, "Modern Perl" by 'chromatic'.  Nice
book; one of the first things you learn from it is that you should not go to
`#perl` for general help.

Anyway, the summary of the collective angst of `#perl` (well 2 people anyway)
was: use Getopt::Long, FindBin, 'use lib', a library for HTTP stuff, stop
prefixing subs with '&', and get rid of the huge number of 'our' declarations.

That last item is the only one I totally agree with, because it was on my long
term todo list anyway.  And 'use lib' sorta goes with it, so that's fine too.
And as soon as I found that vim colors the sub names differently if you take
out the '&' I decided I'd do that too :-) [But honestly, if `&sub` is so bad
shouldn't "man perlsub" at least say something negative about it, other than
"disables prototype checking", which doesn't matter here since I'm not using
prototypes?]

As for the rest, FindBin brings in a good 1000+ lines for something that I do
in a line or two (since I don't care about all the pathological edge cases).
Getopt::Long is 2649 lines to replace the code below  [note that there *is*
only one possible option to this command, and it is *never* run manually
either, so I don't need any fancy features]:

    my $shell_allowed = 0;
    if (@ARGV and $ARGV[0] eq '-s') {
        $shell_allowed = 1;
        shift;
    }

Apparently TMTOWTDI has given way to TOOWTDI.

Anyway, I spent a few hours refactoring it.  And I do thank them for pushing
me to stop being lazy on the "our" business.

[gw]: https://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite/blob/pu/doc/3-faq-tips-etc.mkd#_easier_to_link_gitweb_authorisation_with_gitolite