gitolite/doc/0-INSTALL.mkd

gitolite installatation

In this document:

• please read this first
  • important notes
  • conventions used
  • requirements
    • client side
    • server side
• installation and setup
  • (package method) directly on the server, using RPM/DEB
  • (root method) directly on the server, manually, with root access
  • (non-root method) directly on the server, manually, without root access
  • (from-client method) install from the client to the server
• URLs for gitolite-managed repos
• special cases -- multiple gitolite servers
  • package method and root method
  • from-client method
• upgrading
• uninstalling
  • cleaning out a botched install
  • uninstalling gitolite completely

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please read this first

important notes

Please make sure you understand the following points first.

• gitolite is somewhat unusual as far as "server" software goes -- every userid on the server is a potential "gitolite host".

• gitolite depends heavily on ssh pubkey (passwordless) access. Do not assume you know all about ssh -- most people don't. If in doubt, use a dedicated userid on both client and server for installation and administration of gitolite.

  To make matters worse, ssh problems in gitolite don't always look like ssh problems. See doc/6-ssh-troubleshooting.mkd for help.

conventions used

We assume the admin user is "sitaram", and his workstation is called "client". The hosting user is "git", and the server is called "server". Substitute your values as needed.

requirements

client side

• git version 1.6.2 or greater
  • even msysgit on Windows is fine; please don't ask me for help if you're using putty, plink, puttygen, etc., for ssh; I recommend msysgit for Windows and the openssh that comes with it
• if you're using the "from-client" method of install (see below), the bash shell is needed
  • again, msysgit on Windows is fine

server side

• any Unix system with a posix compatible "sh".
  • people using "csh" or derivatives please don't ask me for help -- tell your admin csh is not posix compatible
• git version 1.6.2 or greater
  • can be in a non-PATH location if you are unable to install it normally; see the $GIT_PATH variable in the "rc" file
• perl (but since git requires it anyway, you probably have it)
• openssh or any ssh that can understand the authorized_keys file format

installation and setup

(package method) directly on the server, using RPM/DEB

• from your workstation, copy your ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub file to the server. Put it in /tmp/sitaram.pub.

• (U) on the server, as root, do the install (urpmi, yum, apt-get, etc.).

• on the server, "su - git", then as "git" user, run gl-setup /tmp/sitaram.pub.

• on the client, run cd; git clone git@server:gitolite-admin

(root method) directly on the server, manually, with root access

• from your workstation, copy your ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub file to the server. Put it in /tmp/sitaram.pub.

• (U) on the server, as root, do the following:

  cd $HOME
  git clone git://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite gitolite-source
  cd gitolite-source
  # now checkout whatever branch you want; for early adopters I suggest
  # "pu", as in "git checkout -t origin/pu" for recent gits
  mkdir -p /usr/local/share/gitolite/conf /usr/local/share/gitolite/hooks
  src/gl-system-install /usr/local/bin /usr/local/share/gitolite/conf /usr/local/share/gitolite/hooks
  

• on the server, "su - git", then as "git" user, run gl-setup /tmp/sitaram.pub.

• on the client, run cd; git clone git@server:gitolite-admin

(non-root method) directly on the server, manually, without root access

WARNING: if you use this method you'd better know enough about ssh to be able to keep your keys straight, and you'd also better have password access to the server so that if you screw up the keys you can still get on, or be able to "su - git" from some other user on the server.

• from your workstation, copy your ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub file to the server. Put it in /tmp/sitaram.pub.

• if $HOME/bin is not on the default PATH, fiddle with your .bashrc or .bash_profile or similar files and add it somehow.

• (U) on the server, as "git", do the following:

  cd $HOME
  git clone git://github.com/sitaramc/gitolite gitolite-source
  # now checkout whatever branch you want; for early adopters I suggest
  # "pu", as in "git checkout -t origin/pu" for recent gits
  cd gitolite-source
  mkdir -p $HOME/bin $HOME/share/gitolite/conf $HOME/share/gitolite/hooks
  src/gl-system-install $HOME/bin $HOME/share/gitolite/conf $HOME/share/gitolite/hooks
  

• on the server, still as "git", run gl-setup /tmp/sitaram.pub.

• on the client, run cd; git clone git@server:gitolite-admin

(from-client method) install from the client to the server

This used to be the most common install method for a long time, and it is still the one I use for most of my testing. The main advantage of this method is that it forces you to solve the ssh pubkey problem before attempting to install. Sadly, it also forces the admin to use a different URL for gitolite repos than normal users, which seems to confuse a heck of a lot of people who don't read the prominently displayed messages and/or the documentation.

This method is verbosely documented in doc/7-install-transcript.mkd, including outputs of the commands concerned.

URLs for gitolite-managed repos

The URL for normal users (i.e., users other than the admin) is always of the form "git@server:reponame". So, for instance, git clone git@server:testing gets any valid user a copy of the "testing" repo.

In the first 3 install methods, the admin user will also use the same URL format, like git clone git@server:gitolite-admin.

However, in the fourth ("from-client") method, the admin user needs a different URL (gitolite:reponame) to gain access to the gitolite repositories. Check here for why.

special cases -- multiple gitolite servers

package method and root method

With the first two methods of installation, it's trivial to create multiple gitolite instances (say one for each department, on some mega company-wide server). You can even do this without giving shell access to the admins. Here's an example with just two "departments", and their admins Alice and Bob:

• create userids webbrowser_repos and webserver_repos
• ask Alice and Bob for their pubkeys; copy them to the respective home directories for convenience
• run su - webbrowser_repos, then gl-setup alice.pub
• (similarly with webserver_repos and bob.pub, and so on for others)

That's it. The URL for all web browser projects is now something like webbrowser_repos@server:reponame, and similarly for the others.

Notice that you only have to do this once for each "department", and it's really just one command after creating the userid. None of these admins need to have a command line on the server, so don't give them the passwords if you don't need to -- the pubkey will allow them to be gitolite admins on their domain, and that's quite enough for normal operations.

from-client method

Thanks to Matt Perzel, the easy-install command now takes an optional 4th parameter, which is the "nickname" of the gitolite server. It gets defined in ~/.ssh/config, and if not used it defaults to "gitolite".

So if you used the following command to install gitolite to 2 different servers:

./src/gl-easy-install -q git my.1st.git.server admin_user1 gitolite_server_1
./src/gl-easy-install -q git my.2nd.git.server admin_user1 gitolite_server_2

you will find that ~/gitolite_server_1-admin and ~/gitolite_server_2-admin have been created as respective clones. Or you can re-clone elsewhere:

cd ~/admin1; git clone gitolite_server_1:gitolite-admin.git
cd ~/admin2; git clone gitolite_server_2:gitolite-admin.git

upgrading

Upgrading gitolite is easy. In each method above, just re-do the step that is marked "(U)". Also, if you're using either of the two methods that use the src/gl-system-install command, please make sure you give it the same arguments!

If you've added any new hooks, please also run the next step (gl-setup) also.

Also, remember that some new features may require additional settings in your ~/.gitolite.rc file.

uninstalling

cleaning out a botched install

When people have trouble installing gitolite, they often try to change a bunch of things manually on the server. This usually makes things worse ;-) so here's how to clean the slate.

• client-side
  • edit ~/.ssh/config and delete the paragraph starting with host gitolite, if present.
  • remove ~/gitolite-admin
• server-side
  • edit ~/.ssh/authorized_keys and delete all lines between # gitolite start and # gitolite end inclusive.
  • remove ~/.gitolite, ~/.gitolite.rc and ~/repositories/gitolite-admin.git

uninstalling gitolite completely

There's some duplication between this and the previous section, but uninstalling gitolite is described in great detail in doc/9-uninstall.mkd

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