ruby-net-ldap/lib/net/ldap/dn.rb

# LDAP DN support classes
#

##
# Objects of this class represent an LDAP DN.
#
# In LDAP-land, a DN ("Distinguished Name") is a unique identifier for an
# entry within an LDAP directory. It is made up of a number of other
# attributes strung together, to identify the entry in the tree.
#
# Each attribute that makes up a DN needs to have its value escaped so that
# the DN is valid. This class helps take care of that.
#
# A fully escaped DN needs to be unescaped when analysing its contents. This
# class also helps take care of that.
class Net::LDAP::DN
  ##
  # Initialize a DN, escaping as required. Pass in attributes in name/value
  # pairs. If there is a left over argument, it will be appended to the dn
  # without escaping (useful for a base string).
  # 
  # Most uses of this class will be to escape a DN, rather than to parse it,
  # so storing the dn as an escaped String and parsing parts as required with
  # a state machine seems sensible.
  def initialize(*args)
    buffer = StringIO.new

    args.each_index do |index|
      buffer << "=" if index % 2 == 1
      buffer << "," if index % 2 == 0 && index != 0

      if index < args.length - 1 || index % 2 == 1
        buffer << Net::LDAP::DN.escape(args[index])
      else
        buffer << args[index]
      end
    end

    @dn = buffer.string
  end

  ##
  # Parse a DN into key value pairs using ASN from
  # http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2253 section 3.
  #
  def each_pair
    state = :key
    key = StringIO.new
    value = StringIO.new
    hex_buffer = ""

    @dn.each_char do |char|
      case state

        when :key then case char
          when 'a'..'z','A'..'Z' then
            state = :key_normal
            key << char
          when '0'..'9' then
            state = :key_oid
            key << char
          when ' ' then state = :key
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end
        when :key_normal then case char
          when '=' then state = :value
          when 'a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9','-',' ' then key << char
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end
        when :key_oid then case char
          when '=' then state = :value
          when '0'..'9','.',' ' then key << char
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end

        when :value then case char
          when '\\' then state = :value_normal_escape
          when '"' then state = :value_quoted
          when ' ' then state = :value
          when '#' then
            state = :value_hexstring
            value << char
          when ',' then
            state = :key
            yield key.string.strip, value.string.rstrip
            key = StringIO.new
            value = StringIO.new;
          else
            state = :value_normal
            value << char
        end

        when :value_normal then case char
          when '\\' then state = :value_normal_escape
          when ',' then
            state = :key
            yield key.string.strip, value.string.rstrip
            key = StringIO.new
            value = StringIO.new;
          else value << char
        end
        when :value_normal_escape then case char
          when '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F' then
            state = :value_normal_escape_hex
            hex_buffer = char
          else state = :value_normal; value << char
        end
        when :value_normal_escape_hex then case char
          when '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F' then
            state = :value_normal
            value << "#{hex_buffer}#{char}".to_i(16).chr
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end

        when :value_quoted then case char
          when '\\' then state = :value_quoted_escape
          when '"' then state = :value_end
          else value << char
        end
        when :value_quoted_escape then case char
          when '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F' then
            state = :value_quoted_escape_hex
            hex_buffer = char
          else state = :value_quoted; value << char
        end
        when :value_quoted_escape_hex then case char
          when '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F' then
            state = :value_quoted
            value << "#{hex_buffer}#{char}".to_i(16).chr
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end

        when :value_hexstring then case char
          when '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F' then
            state = :value_hexstring_hex
            value << char
          when ' ' then state = :value_end
          when ',' then
            state = :key
            yield key.string.strip, value.string.rstrip
            key = StringIO.new
            value = StringIO.new;
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end
        when :value_hexstring_hex then case char
          when '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F' then
            state = :value_hexstring
            value << char
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end

        when :value_end then case char
          when ' ' then state = :value_end
          when ',' then
            state = :key
            yield key.string.strip, value.string.rstrip
            key = StringIO.new
            value = StringIO.new;
          else raise "DN badly formed"
        end

        else raise "Fell out of state machine"
      end
    end
    
    # Last pair
    if [:value, :value_normal, :value_hexstring, :value_end].include? state
      yield key.string.strip, value.string.rstrip
    else
      raise "DN badly formed"
    end
  end

  ##
  # Returns the DN as an array in the form expected by the constructor.
  def to_a
    a = []
    self.each_pair { |key, value| a << key << value }
    a
  end

  ##
  # Return the DN as an escaped string.
  def to_s
    @dn
  end

  # http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2253 section 2.4 lists these exceptions
  # for dn values. All of the following must be escaped in any normal
  # string using a single backslash ('\') as escape.
  #
  ESCAPES = {
    ','  => ',',
    '+'  => '+',
    '"'  => '"',
    '\\' => '\\',
    '<' => '<',
    '>' => '>',
    ';' => ';',
  }
  # Compiled character class regexp using the keys from the above hash, and
  # checking for a space or # at the start, or space at the end, of the
  # string.
  ESCAPE_RE = Regexp.new(
    "(^ |^#| $|[" + 
    ESCAPES.keys.map { |e| Regexp.escape(e) }.join + 
    "])")

  ##
  # Escape a string for use in a DN value
  def self.escape(string)
    string.gsub(ESCAPE_RE) { |char| "\\" + ESCAPES[char] }
  end

  ##
  # Proxy all other requests to the string object, because a DN is mainly
  # used within the library as a string
  def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
    @dn.send(method, *args, &block)
  end
end