514 lines
13 KiB
C
514 lines
13 KiB
C
/*
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* Copyright (c) 2009, Swedish Institute of Computer Science
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* All rights reserved.
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
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* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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* without specific prior written permission.
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
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* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
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* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
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* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
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* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
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* SUCH DAMAGE.
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*
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* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
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*
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*/
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/**
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* \file
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* SD driver implementation using SPI.
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* \author
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* Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>
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*/
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#include "contiki.h"
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#include "sd.h"
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#include "sd-arch.h"
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#include <string.h>
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#define DEBUG 0
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#if DEBUG
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#include <stdio.h>
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#define PRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
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#else
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#define PRINTF(...)
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#endif
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#ifndef MIN
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#define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
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#endif /* MIN */
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#define SPI_IDLE 0xff
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/* SD commands */
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#define GO_IDLE_STATE 0
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#define SEND_OP_COND 1
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#define SWITCH_FUNC 6
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#define SEND_IF_COND 8
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#define SEND_CSD 9
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#define SEND_CID 10
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#define STOP_TRANSMISSION 12
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#define SEND_STATUS 13
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#define READ_SINGLE_BLOCK 17
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#define WRITE_BLOCK 24
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#define READ_OCR 58
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/* SD response lengths. */
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#define R1 1
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#define R2 2
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#define R3 5
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#define R7 5
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#define START_BLOCK_TOKEN 0xfe
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/* Status codes returned after writing a block. */
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#define DATA_ACCEPTED 2
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#define DATA_CRC_ERROR 5
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#define DATA_WRITE_ERROR 6
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static uint16_t rw_block_size;
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static uint16_t block_size;
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static int read_register(int register_cmd, char *buf, int register_size);
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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static int
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send_command(uint8_t cmd, uint32_t argument)
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{
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uint8_t req[6];
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req[0] = 0x40 | cmd;
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req[1] = argument >> 24;
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req[2] = argument >> 16;
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req[3] = argument >> 8;
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req[4] = argument;
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/* The CRC hard-wired to 0x95 is only needed for the initial
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GO_IDLE_STATE command. */
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req[5] = 0x95;
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sd_arch_spi_write(SPI_IDLE);
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sd_arch_spi_write_block(req, sizeof(req));
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sd_arch_spi_write(SPI_IDLE);
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return 0;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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static uint8_t *
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get_response(int length)
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{
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int i;
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int x;
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static uint8_t r[R7];
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for(i = 0; i < SD_READ_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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x = sd_arch_spi_read();
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if((x & 0x80) == 0) {
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/* A get_response byte is indicated by the MSB being 0. */
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r[0] = x;
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break;
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}
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}
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if(i == SD_READ_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS) {
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return NULL;
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}
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for(i = 1; i < length; i++) {
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r[i] = sd_arch_spi_read();
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}
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return r;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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static unsigned char *
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transaction(int command, unsigned long argument,
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int response_type, unsigned attempts)
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{
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unsigned i;
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unsigned char *r;
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LOCK_SPI();
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r = NULL;
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for(i = 0; i < attempts; i++) {
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LOWER_CS();
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send_command(command, argument);
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r = get_response(response_type);
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RAISE_CS();
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if(r != NULL) {
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break;
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}
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}
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UNLOCK_SPI();
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return r;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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int
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sd_initialize(void)
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{
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unsigned char reg[16];
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int i;
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uint8_t *r, read_bl_len;
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if(sd_arch_init() < 0) {
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return SD_INIT_ERROR_ARCH;
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}
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if(SD_CONNECTED() < 0) {
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return SD_INIT_ERROR_NO_CARD;
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}
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r = transaction(GO_IDLE_STATE, 0, R1, SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS);
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if(r != NULL) {
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PRINTF("Go-idle result: %d\n", r[0]);
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} else {
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PRINTF("Failed to get go-idle response\n");
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}
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r = transaction(SEND_IF_COND, 0, R7, SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS);
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if(r != NULL) {
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PRINTF("IF cond: %d %d %d %d %d\n", r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], r[4]);
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} else {
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PRINTF("failed to get IF cond\n");
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return SD_INIT_ERROR_NO_IF_COND;
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}
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LOCK_SPI();
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for(i = 0; i < SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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LOWER_CS();
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send_command(SEND_OP_COND, 0);
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r = get_response(R1);
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RAISE_CS();
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if(r != NULL && !(r[0] & 1)) {
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break;
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}
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}
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UNLOCK_SPI();
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if(r != NULL) {
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PRINTF("OP cond: %d (%d iterations)\n", r[0], i);
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} else {
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PRINTF("Failed to get OP cond get_response\n");
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}
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LOCK_SPI();
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for(i = 0; i < SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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LOWER_CS();
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send_command(READ_OCR, 0);
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r = get_response(R3);
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RAISE_CS();
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if(r != NULL) {
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break;
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}
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}
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UNLOCK_SPI();
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if(r != NULL) {
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PRINTF("OCR: %d %d %d %d %d\n", r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], r[4]);
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}
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if(read_register(SEND_CSD, reg, sizeof(reg)) < 0) {
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PRINTF("Failed to get block size of SD card\n");
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return SD_INIT_ERROR_NO_BLOCK_SIZE;
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}
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read_bl_len = reg[5] & 0x0f;
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block_size = 1 << read_bl_len;
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rw_block_size = (block_size > SD_DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE) ?
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SD_DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE : block_size;
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PRINTF("Found block size %d\n", block_size);
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/* XXX Arbitrary wait time here. Need to investigate why this is needed. */
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MS_DELAY(5);
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return SD_OK;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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int
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sd_write_block(sd_offset_t offset, char *buf)
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{
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unsigned char *r;
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int retval;
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int i;
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unsigned char data_response;
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unsigned char status_code;
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LOCK_SPI();
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r = NULL;
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retval = SD_WRITE_ERROR_NO_CMD_RESPONSE;
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for(i = 0; i < SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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LOWER_CS();
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send_command(WRITE_BLOCK, offset);
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r = get_response(R1);
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if(r != NULL) {
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break;
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}
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RAISE_CS();
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}
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if(r != NULL && r[0] == 0) {
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/* We received an R1 response with no errors.
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Send a start block token to the card now. */
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sd_arch_spi_write(START_BLOCK_TOKEN);
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/* Write the data block. */
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sd_arch_spi_write_block(buf, rw_block_size);
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/* Get a response from the card. */
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retval = SD_WRITE_ERROR_NO_BLOCK_RESPONSE;
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for(i = 0; i < SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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data_response = sd_arch_spi_read();
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if((data_response & 0x11) == 1) {
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/* Data response token received. */
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status_code = (data_response >> 1) & 0x7;
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if(status_code == DATA_ACCEPTED) {
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retval = rw_block_size;
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} else {
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retval = SD_WRITE_ERROR_PROGRAMMING;
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}
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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RAISE_CS();
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UNLOCK_SPI();
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return retval;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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static int
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read_block(unsigned read_cmd, sd_offset_t offset, char *buf, int len)
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{
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unsigned char *r;
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int i;
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int token;
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int retval;
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LOCK_SPI();
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r = NULL;
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for(i = 0; i < SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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LOWER_CS();
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send_command(read_cmd, offset);
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r = get_response(R1);
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if(r != NULL) {
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break;
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}
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RAISE_CS();
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}
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if(r != NULL && r[0] == 0) {
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/* We received an R1 response with no errors.
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Get a token from the card now. */
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for(i = 0; i < SD_TRANSACTION_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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token = sd_arch_spi_read();
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if(token == START_BLOCK_TOKEN || (token > 0 && token <= 8)) {
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break;
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}
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}
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if(token == START_BLOCK_TOKEN) {
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/* A start block token has been received. Read the block now. */
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for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
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buf[i] = sd_arch_spi_read();
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}
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/* Consume CRC. TODO: Validate the block. */
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sd_arch_spi_read();
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sd_arch_spi_read();
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retval = len;
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} else if(token > 0 && token <= 8) {
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/* The card returned a data error token. */
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retval = SD_READ_ERROR_TOKEN;
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} else {
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/* The card never returned a token after our read attempts. */
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retval = SD_READ_ERROR_NO_TOKEN;
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}
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RAISE_CS();
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UNLOCK_SPI();
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return retval;
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}
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RAISE_CS();
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UNLOCK_SPI();
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if(r != NULL) {
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PRINTF("status during read: %d\n", r[0]);
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}
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return SD_READ_ERROR_NO_CMD_RESPONSE;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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int
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sd_read_block(sd_offset_t offset, char *buf)
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{
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return read_block(READ_SINGLE_BLOCK, offset, buf, rw_block_size);
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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static int
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read_register(int register_cmd, char *buf, int register_size)
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{
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return read_block(register_cmd, 0, buf, register_size);
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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sd_offset_t
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sd_get_capacity(void)
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{
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unsigned char reg[16];
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int r;
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uint16_t c_size;
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uint8_t c_size_mult;
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sd_offset_t block_nr;
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sd_offset_t mult;
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r = read_register(SEND_CSD, reg, sizeof(reg));
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if(r < 0) {
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return r;
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}
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c_size = ((reg[6] & 3) << 10) + (reg[7] << 2) + ((reg[8] >> 6) & 3);
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c_size_mult = ((reg[9] & 3) << 1) + ((reg[10] & 0x80) >> 7);
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mult = 1 << (c_size_mult + 2);
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block_nr = (c_size + 1) * mult;
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return block_nr * block_size;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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char *
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sd_error_string(int error_code)
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{
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#if DEBUG
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switch(error_code) {
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case SD_OK:
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return "operation succeeded";
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case SD_INIT_ERROR_NO_CARD:
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return "no card was found";
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case SD_INIT_ERROR_ARCH:
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return "architecture-dependent initialization failed";
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case SD_INIT_ERROR_NO_IF_COND:
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return "unable to obtain the interface condition";
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case SD_INIT_ERROR_NO_BLOCK_SIZE:
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return "unable to obtain the block size";
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case SD_WRITE_ERROR_NO_CMD_RESPONSE:
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return "no response from the card after submitting a write request";
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case SD_WRITE_ERROR_NO_BLOCK_RESPONSE:
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return "no response from the card after sending a data block";
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case SD_WRITE_ERROR_PROGRAMMING:
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return "the write request failed because of a card error";
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case SD_WRITE_ERROR_TOKEN:
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return "the card is not ready to grant a write request";
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case SD_READ_ERROR_NO_TOKEN:
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case SD_WRITE_ERROR_NO_TOKEN:
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return "did not receive a start block token";
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case SD_READ_ERROR_INVALID_SIZE:
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return "invalid read block size";
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case SD_READ_ERROR_TOKEN:
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return "the card is not ready to read a data block";
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case SD_READ_ERROR_NO_CMD_RESPONSE:
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return "no response from the card after submitting a read request";
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default:
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break;
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}
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#endif
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return "unspecified error";
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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int
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sd_write(sd_offset_t offset, char *buf, size_t size)
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{
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sd_offset_t address;
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uint16_t offset_in_block;
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int r, i;
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size_t written;
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size_t to_write;
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char sd_buf[rw_block_size];
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/* Emulation of data writing using arbitrary offsets and chunk sizes. */
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memset(sd_buf, 0, sizeof(sd_buf));
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written = 0;
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offset_in_block = offset & (rw_block_size - 1);
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do {
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to_write = MIN(size - written, rw_block_size - offset_in_block);
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address = (offset + written) & ~(rw_block_size - 1);
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for(i = 0; i < SD_READ_BLOCK_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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r = sd_read_block(address, sd_buf);
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if(r == sizeof(sd_buf)) {
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break;
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}
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}
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if(r != sizeof(sd_buf)) {
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return r;
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}
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memcpy(&sd_buf[offset_in_block], &buf[written], to_write);
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r = sd_write_block(address, sd_buf);
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if(r != sizeof(sd_buf)) {
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return r;
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}
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written += to_write;
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offset_in_block = 0;
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} while(written < size);
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return written;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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int
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sd_read(sd_offset_t offset, char *buf, size_t size)
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{
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size_t total_read;
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size_t to_read;
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char sd_buf[rw_block_size];
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uint16_t offset_in_block;
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int r, i;
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/* Emulation of data reading using arbitrary offsets and chunk sizes. */
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total_read = 0;
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offset_in_block = offset & (rw_block_size - 1);
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do {
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to_read = MIN(size - total_read, rw_block_size - offset_in_block);
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for(i = 0; i < SD_READ_BLOCK_ATTEMPTS; i++) {
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r = sd_read_block((offset + total_read) & ~(rw_block_size - 1), sd_buf);
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if(r == sizeof(sd_buf)) {
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break;
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}
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}
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if(r != sizeof(sd_buf)) {
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return r;
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}
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memcpy(&buf[total_read], &sd_buf[offset_in_block], to_read);
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total_read += to_read;
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offset_in_block = 0;
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} while(total_read < size);
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return size;
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}
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/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
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