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added ContikiRPL - an implementation of IETF ROLL RPL

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joxe 2010-04-30 13:43:53 +00:00
parent 167b0d636e
commit 168a65d989
8 changed files with 1926 additions and 3 deletions
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7
Makefile.include
View file

@ -53,14 +53,15 @@ THREADS = mt.c
LIBS = memb.c mmem.c timer.c list.c etimer.c energest.c rtimer.c stimer.c \ LIBS = memb.c mmem.c timer.c list.c etimer.c energest.c rtimer.c stimer.c \
print-stats.c ifft.c crc16.c random.c checkpoint.c ringbuf.c print-stats.c ifft.c crc16.c random.c checkpoint.c ringbuf.c
DEV = nullradio.c DEV = nullradio.c
NET = netstack.c NET = netstack.c uip-debug.c
ifdef UIP_CONF_IPV6 ifdef UIP_CONF_IPV6
CFLAGS += -DUIP_CONF_IPV6 CFLAGS += -DUIP_CONF_IPV6=1
UIP = uip6.c tcpip.c psock.c uip-udp-packet.c uip-split.c \ UIP = uip6.c tcpip.c psock.c uip-udp-packet.c uip-split.c \
resolv.c tcpdump.c uiplib.c resolv.c tcpdump.c uiplib.c
NET += $(UIP) uip-icmp6.c uip-nd6.c \ NET += $(UIP) uip-icmp6.c uip-nd6.c \
sicslowpan.c neighbor-attr.c neighbor-info.c uip-ds6.c sicslowpan.c neighbor-attr.c neighbor-info.c uip-ds6.c
include $(CONTIKI)/core/net/rpl/Makefile.rpl
else # UIP_CONF_IPV6 else # UIP_CONF_IPV6
UIP = uip.c uiplib.c resolv.c tcpip.c psock.c hc.c uip-split.c uip-fw.c \ UIP = uip.c uiplib.c resolv.c tcpip.c psock.c hc.c uip-split.c uip-fw.c \
uip-fw-drv.c uip_arp.c tcpdump.c uip-neighbor.c uip-udp-packet.c \ uip-fw-drv.c uip_arp.c tcpdump.c uip-neighbor.c uip-udp-packet.c \
@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ endif
CONTIKI_SOURCEFILES += $(CONTIKIFILES) CONTIKI_SOURCEFILES += $(CONTIKIFILES)
CONTIKIDIRS += ${addprefix $(CONTIKI)/core/,dev lib net net/mac net/rime \ CONTIKIDIRS += ${addprefix $(CONTIKI)/core/,dev lib net net/mac net/rime \
sys cfs ctk lib/ctk loader . } net/rpl sys cfs ctk lib/ctk loader . }
oname = ${patsubst %.c,%.o,${patsubst %.S,%.o,$(1)}} oname = ${patsubst %.c,%.o,${patsubst %.S,%.o,$(1)}}

1
core/net/rpl/Makefile.rpl Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
CONTIKI_SOURCEFILES += rpl.c rpl-dag.c rpl-icmp6.c rpl-timers.c rpl-of0.c

646
core/net/rpl/rpl-dag.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
/**
* \addtogroup uip6
* @{
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*
* $Id: rpl-dag.c,v 1.1 2010/04/30 13:43:53 joxe Exp $
*/
/**
* \file
* Logic for Directed Acyclic Graphs in RPL.
*
* \author Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>, Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>
*/
#include "net/rpl/rpl.h"
#include "net/uip.h"
#include "net/rime/ctimer.h"
#include "lib/list.h"
#include "lib/memb.h"
#include <limits.h>
/* #include <stdio.h> */
#define DEBUG DEBUG_ANNOTATE
#include "net/uip-debug.h"
/************************************************************************/
#ifdef RPL_CONF_OBJECTIVE_FUNCTION
#define RPL_OF RPL_CONF_OBJECTIVE_FUNCTION
#else
extern rpl_of_t rpl_of0;
#define RPL_OF rpl_of0
#endif /* RPL_CONF_OBJECTIVE_FUNCTION */
#ifndef RPL_CONF_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES
#define RPL_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES 2
#else
#define RPL_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES RPL_CONF_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES
#endif /* !RPL_CONF_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES */
#ifndef RPL_CONF_MAX_NEIGHBORS
#define RPL_MAX_NEIGHBORS 10
#else
#define RPL_MAX_NEIGHBORS RPL_CONF_MAX_NEIGHBORS
#endif /* !RPL_CONF_MAX_NEIGHBORS */
/************************************************************************/
/* RPL definitions. */
#ifndef RPL_CONF_GROUNDED
#define RPL_GROUNDED 0
#else
#define RPL_GROUNDED RPL_CONF_GROUNDED
#endif /* !RPL_CONF_GROUNDED */
#ifndef RPL_CONF_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN
#define RPL_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN
#else
#define RPL_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN RPL_CONF_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN
#endif /* !RPL_CONF_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN */
#ifndef RPL_CONF_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS
#define RPL_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS
#else
#define RPL_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS RPL_CONF_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS
#endif /* !RPL_CONF_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS */
/************************************************************************/
/* Allocate neighbors from the same static MEMB chunk to reduce memory waste. */
MEMB(neighbor_memb, struct rpl_neighbor, RPL_MAX_NEIGHBORS);
static rpl_dag_t dag_table[RPL_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES];
/************************************************************************/
static void
poison_routes(rpl_dag_t *dag, rpl_neighbor_t *exception)
{
rpl_neighbor_t *p, *p2;
PRINTF("RPL: Poisoning routes\n");
for(p = list_head(dag->neighbors); p != NULL;) {
if(p != exception && RPL_NEIGHBOR_IS_PARENT(dag, p)) {
ANNOTATE("#L %u 0\n", p->addr.u8[sizeof(p->addr) - 1]);
/* Send no-DAOs to old parents. */
dao_output(p, ZERO_LIFETIME);
p2 = p->next;
rpl_remove_neighbor(dag, p);
p = p2;
} else {
p = p->next;
}
}
}
/************************************************************************/
int
rpl_set_root(uip_ipaddr_t *dag_id)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
dag = rpl_get_dag(RPL_DEFAULT_OCP);
if(dag != NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Dropping a joined DAG when setting this node as root");
rpl_free_dag(dag);
}
dag = rpl_alloc_dag();
if(dag == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Failed to allocate a DAG\n");
return -1;
}
dag->joined = 1;
dag->grounded = RPL_GROUNDED;
dag->rank = ROOT_RANK;
dag->of = rpl_find_of(RPL_DEFAULT_OCP);
dag->best_parent = NULL;
memcpy(&dag->dag_id, dag_id, sizeof(dag->dag_id));
dag->dio_intdoubl = DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS;
dag->dio_intmin = DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN;
dag->dio_redundancy = DEFAULT_DIO_REDUNDANCY;
PRINTF("RPL: Node set to be a DAG root with DAG ID ");
PRINT6ADDR(&dag->dag_id);
PRINTF("\n");
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
return 0;
}
/************************************************************************/
int
rpl_set_default_route(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *from)
{
if(dag->def_route != NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Removing default route through ");
PRINT6ADDR(&dag->def_route->ipaddr);
PRINTF("\n");
uip_ds6_defrt_rm(dag->def_route);
}
if(from != NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Adding default route through ");
PRINT6ADDR(from);
PRINTF("\n");
dag->def_route = uip_ds6_defrt_add(from, 100000);
if(dag->def_route == NULL) {
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_dag_t *
rpl_alloc_dag(void)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < RPL_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES; i++) {
if(dag_table[i].used == 0) {
memset(&dag_table[i], 0, sizeof(dag_table[0]));
dag_table[i].neighbors = &dag_table[i].neighbor_list;
dag_table[i].def_route = NULL;
list_init(dag_table[i].neighbors);
return &dag_table[i];
}
}
return NULL;
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_free_dag(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
uip_ds6_route_t *rep;
PRINTF("RPL: Leaving the DAG ");
PRINT6ADDR(&dag->dag_id);
PRINTF("\n");
rep = uip_ds6_route_lookup(&dag->dag_id);
if(rep != NULL) {
uip_ds6_route_rm(rep);
}
rpl_set_default_route(dag, NULL);
poison_routes(dag, NULL);
ctimer_stop(&dag->dio_timer);
ctimer_stop(&dag->dao_timer);
dag->used = 0;
dag->joined = 0;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_neighbor_t *
rpl_add_neighbor(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *addr)
{
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
n = memb_alloc(&neighbor_memb);
if(n == NULL) {
return NULL;
}
memcpy(&n->addr, addr, sizeof(n->addr));
n->local_confidence = 0;
n->dag = dag;
list_add(dag->neighbors, n);
/* Draw a line between the node and its parent in Cooja. */
ANNOTATE("#L %u 1\n",
addr->u8[sizeof(*addr) - 1]);
return n;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_neighbor_t *
rpl_find_neighbor(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *addr)
{
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
for(n = list_head(dag->neighbors); n != NULL; n = n->next) {
if(uip_ipaddr_cmp(&n->addr, addr)) {
return n;
}
}
return NULL;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_neighbor_t *
rpl_first_parent(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
//return list_head(dag->parents);
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
for(n = list_head(dag->neighbors); n != NULL; n = n->next) {
if(RPL_NEIGHBOR_IS_PARENT(dag, n)) {
return n;
}
}
return n;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_neighbor_t *
rpl_find_best_parent(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
rpl_neighbor_t *best;
best = NULL;
for(n = list_head(dag->neighbors); n != NULL; n = n->next) {
if(RPL_NEIGHBOR_IS_PARENT(dag, n)) {
if(best == NULL) {
best = n;
} else {
best = dag->of->best_parent(best, n);
}
}
}
dag->best_parent = best; /* Cached value. */
return best;
}
/************************************************************************/
int
rpl_remove_neighbor(rpl_dag_t *dag, rpl_neighbor_t *parent)
{
uip_ds6_defrt_t *defrt;
ANNOTATE("#L %u 0\n",
parent->addr.u8[sizeof(parent->addr) - 1]);
/* Remove uIPv6 routes that have this neighbor as the next hop. **/
uip_ds6_route_rm_by_nexthop(&parent->addr);
defrt = uip_ds6_defrt_lookup(&parent->addr);
if(defrt != NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Removing default route ");
PRINT6ADDR(&parent->addr);
PRINTF("\n");
uip_ds6_defrt_rm(defrt);
dag->def_route = NULL;
}
PRINTF("RPL: Removing neighbor ");
PRINT6ADDR(&parent->addr);
PRINTF("\n");
list_remove(dag->neighbors, parent);
memb_free(&neighbor_memb, parent);
return 0;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_dag_t *
rpl_get_dag(int instance_id)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < RPL_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES; i++) {
if(dag_table[i].joined && (instance_id == RPL_ANY_INSTANCE ||
dag_table[i].instance_id == instance_id)) {
return &dag_table[i];
}
}
return NULL;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_dag_t *
rpl_find_dag(unsigned char aucIndex)
{
int i;
for(i = aucIndex; i < RPL_MAX_DAG_ENTRIES; i++) {
if(dag_table[i].joined ) {
return &dag_table[i];
}
}
return NULL;
}
/************************************************************************/
rpl_of_t *
rpl_find_of(rpl_ocp_t ocp)
{
if(RPL_OF.ocp == ocp) {
return &RPL_OF;
}
return NULL;
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_join_dag(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
dag->joined = 1;
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
}
/************************************************************************/
static void
join_dag(uip_ipaddr_t *from, rpl_dio_t *dio)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
rpl_of_t *of;
dag = rpl_alloc_dag();
if(dag == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Failed to allocate a DAG object!\n");
return;
}
n = rpl_add_neighbor(dag, from);
PRINTF("RPL: Adding ");
PRINT6ADDR(from);
PRINTF(" as a parent: ");
if(n == NULL) {
PRINTF("failed\n");
return;
}
PRINTF("succeeded\n");
n->local_confidence = 0; /* Extract packet LQI here. */
n->rank = dio->dag_rank;
/* Determine the objective function by using the
objective code point of the DIO. */
of = rpl_find_of(dio->ocp);
if(of == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: DIO for DAG instance %d does not specify a supported OF\n",
dio->instance_id);
return;
}
dag->used = 1;
dag->of = of;
dag->preference = dio->preference;
dag->grounded = dio->grounded;
dag->instance_id = dio->instance_id;
dag->rank = dag->of->increment_rank(dio->dag_rank, n);
dag->min_rank = dag->rank; /* So far this is the lowest rank we know */
dag->sequence_number = dio->sequence_number;
dag->dio_intdoubl = dio->dag_intdoubl;
dag->dio_intmin = dio->dag_intmin;
dag->dio_redundancy = dio->dag_redund;
dag->max_rankinc = dio->dag_max_rankinc;
dag->min_hoprankinc = dio->dag_min_hoprankinc;
memcpy(&dag->dag_id, &dio->dag_id, sizeof(dio->dag_id));
rpl_join_dag(dag);
PRINTF("RPL: Joined DAG with instance ID %d, rank %d, DAG ID ",
dio->instance_id, dag->rank);
PRINT6ADDR(&dag->dag_id);
PRINTF("\n");
rpl_set_default_route(dag, from);
if(dio->dst_adv_trigger) {
rpl_schedule_dao(dag);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: dst_adv_trigger not set in incoming DIO!\n");
}
}
/************************************************************************/
static void
global_repair(uip_ipaddr_t *from, rpl_dag_t *dag, rpl_dio_t *dio)
{
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
poison_routes(dag, NULL);
dag->sequence_number = dio->sequence_number;
if((n = rpl_add_neighbor(dag, from)) == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Failed to add a parent during the global repair\n");
dag->rank = INFINITE_RANK;
} else {
rpl_set_default_route(dag, from);
dag->rank = dag->of->increment_rank(dio->dag_rank, n);
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
}
PRINTF("RPL: Participating in a global DAG repair. New DAG sequence number: %d NewRank: %d\n",
dag->sequence_number, dag->rank);
}
/************************************************************************/
int
rpl_repair_dag(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
if(dag->rank == ROOT_RANK) {
dag->sequence_number++;
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_process_dio(uip_ipaddr_t *from, rpl_dio_t *dio)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
uint8_t new_rank;
uint8_t new_parent;
/* if(from->u8[15] != 0xe7) { */
/* printf("last byte did not match e7 %x\n", from->u8[15]); */
/* return; */
/* } */
dag = rpl_get_dag(dio->instance_id);
if(dag == NULL) {
/* Always join the first possible DAG that is not of INF_RANK. */
if(dio->dag_rank != INFINITE_RANK) {
join_dag(from, dio);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Ignoring DIO from node with infinite rank: ");
PRINT6ADDR(from);
PRINTF("\n");
}
return;
}
if(dag->instance_id != dio->instance_id) {
/* We avoid joining more than one RPL instance. */
PRINTF("RPL: Cannot join another RPL instance\n");
return;
}
if(dio->sequence_number > dag->sequence_number) {
global_repair(from, dag, dio);
return;
}
/* This DIO pertains to a DAG that we are already part of. */
n = rpl_find_neighbor(dag, from);
if(n != NULL) {
if(dio->dst_adv_trigger) {
rpl_schedule_dao(dag);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: dst_adv_trigger is not set in incoming DIO\n");
}
if(n->rank > dio->dag_rank) {
n->rank = dio->dag_rank;
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
} else if(n->rank < dio->dag_rank) {
PRINTF("RPL: Existing parent ");
PRINT6ADDR(from);
PRINTF(" got a higher rank (%d -> %d)\n",
n->rank, dio->dag_rank);
n->rank = dio->dag_rank;
if(RPL_PARENT_COUNT(dag) > 1) {
/* Since we have alternative parents, we can simply drop this one. */
rpl_remove_neighbor(dag, n);
} else if(dag->of->increment_rank(dio->dag_rank, n) <= dag->min_rank + dag->max_rankinc) {
dag->rank = dag->of->increment_rank(dio->dag_rank, n);
PRINTF("RPL: New rank is %i, max is %i\n", dag->rank, dag->min_rank + dag->max_rankinc);
rpl_set_default_route(dag, &n->addr);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Cannot find acceptable best neighbor\n");
/* do local repair - jump down the DAG */
poison_routes(dag, NULL);
dag->rank = INFINITE_RANK;
}
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
} else {
/* Assume consistency and increase the DIO counter. */
PRINTF("RPL: Received a consistent DIO\n");
dag->dio_counter++;
}
}
if(dio->dag_rank < dag->rank) {
/* Message from a node closer to the root, but we might still be out of allowed rank-range */
if(dag->min_rank + dag->max_rankinc < dag->of->increment_rank(dio->dag_rank, n)) {
PRINTF("RPL: Could not add parent, resulting rank too high\n");
return;
}
new_parent = 0;
if(n == NULL) {
n = rpl_add_neighbor(dag, from);
if(n == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Could not add parent\n");
return;
}
n->rank = dio->dag_rank;
PRINTF("RPL: New parent with rank %d ", n->rank);
PRINT6ADDR(from);
PRINTF("\n");
new_parent = 1;
}
new_rank = dag->of->increment_rank(dio->dag_rank, n);
if(new_rank < dag->rank) {
PRINTF("RPL: Moving up within the DAG from rank %d to %d\n",
dag->rank, new_rank);
dag->rank = new_rank;
dag->min_rank = new_rank; /* So far this is the lowest rank we know */
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
/* Remove old def-route and add the new */
/* fix handling of destination prefix */
if(dag->grounded) {
rpl_set_default_route(dag, from);
}
if(new_parent) {
poison_routes(dag, n);
}
}
} else if(dio->dag_rank == dag->rank) {
/* Message from a sibling. */
} else {
/* Message from a node at a longer distance from the root. If the
node is in the parent list, we just remove it. */
if(n != NULL && n->rank < dio->dag_rank) {
PRINTF("RPL: Parent ");
PRINT6ADDR(&n->addr);
PRINTF(" has increased in rank from %d to %d. Removing it.\n",
n->rank, dio->dag_rank);
rpl_remove_neighbor(dag, n);
if(RPL_PARENT_COUNT(dag) == 0) {
dag->rank = INFINITE_RANK;
}
}
}
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_ds6_neighbor_callback(uip_ds6_nbr_t *nbr)
{
if(nbr->isused) {
PRINTF("RPL: Neighbor state %u: ", nbr->state);
PRINT6ADDR(&nbr->ipaddr);
PRINTF("\n");
} else {
rpl_dag_t *dag;
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
n = NULL;
PRINTF("RPL: Removed neighbor ");
PRINT6ADDR(&nbr->ipaddr);
PRINTF("\n");
dag = rpl_get_dag(RPL_ANY_INSTANCE);
if(dag != NULL) {
n = rpl_find_neighbor(dag, &nbr->ipaddr);
if(n != NULL) {
rpl_remove_neighbor(dag, n);
}
}
if(dag->def_route != NULL &&
uip_ipaddr_cmp(&dag->def_route->ipaddr, &n->addr)) {
n = rpl_find_best_parent(dag);
if(n != NULL && dag->of->increment_rank(n->rank, n) <= dag->min_rank + dag->max_rankinc) {
dag->rank = dag->of->increment_rank(n->rank, n);
if(dag->rank < dag->min_rank) {
dag->min_rank = dag->rank;
}
PRINTF("New rank is %i, max is %i\n", dag->rank, dag->min_rank + dag->max_rankinc);
rpl_set_default_route(dag, &n->addr);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Cannot find the best neighbor\n");
/* do local repair - jump down the DAG */
poison_routes(dag, NULL);
dag->rank = INFINITE_RANK;
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 1);
}
}
}
}

535
core/net/rpl/rpl-icmp6.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
/**
* \addtogroup uip6
* @{
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*
* $Id: rpl-icmp6.c,v 1.1 2010/04/30 13:43:53 joxe Exp $
*/
/**
* \file
* ICMP6 I/O for RPL control messages.
*
* \author Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>, Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>
* Contributors: Niclas Finne <nfi@sics.se, Joel Hoglund <joel@sics.se>,
* Mathieu Pouillot <m.pouillot@watteco.com>
*/
#include "net/tcpip.h"
#include "net/uip.h"
#include "net/uip-ds6.h"
#include "net/uip-icmp6.h"
#include "net/rpl/rpl.h"
#include "net/rime/packetbuf.h"
#include <limits.h>
#define DEBUG DEBUG_ANNOTATE
#include "net/uip-debug.h"
#define RPL_DIO_GROUNDED 0x80
#define RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_SUPPORTED 0x40
#define RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_TRIGGER 0x20
#define RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_STORED 0x10
#define RPL_DIO_DAG_PREFERENCE_MASK 0x07
#define UIP_IP_BUF ((struct uip_ip_hdr *)&uip_buf[UIP_LLH_LEN])
#define UIP_ICMP_BUF ((struct uip_icmp_hdr *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_hdr_len])
#define UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD ((unsigned char *)&uip_buf[uip_l2_l3_icmp_hdr_len])
static void dis_input(void);
static void dio_input(void);
static void dao_input(void);
static int
get_global_addr(uip_ipaddr_t *addr)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < UIP_DS6_ADDR_NB; i++) {
int state = uip_ds6_if.addr_list[i].state;
if(uip_ds6_if.addr_list[i].isused &&
(state == ADDR_TENTATIVE || state == ADDR_PREFERRED)) {
if(!uip_is_addr_link_local(&uip_ds6_if.addr_list[i].ipaddr)) {
memcpy(addr, &uip_ds6_if.addr_list[i].ipaddr, sizeof(uip_ipaddr_t));
return 1;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static uint32_t
get32(uint8_t *buffer, int pos)
{
return (uint32_t)buffer[pos] << 24 | (uint32_t)buffer[pos + 1] << 16 |
(uint32_t)buffer[pos + 2] << 8 | buffer[pos + 3];
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
set32(uint8_t *buffer, int pos, uint32_t value)
{
buffer[pos++] = value >> 24;
buffer[pos++] = (value >> 16) & 0xff;
buffer[pos++] = (value >> 8) & 0xff;
buffer[pos++] = value & 0xff;
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
dis_input(void)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
/* DAG Information Solicitation */
PRINTF("RPL: Received a DIS from ");
PRINT6ADDR(&UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr);
PRINTF("\n");
dag = rpl_get_dag(RPL_ANY_INSTANCE);
if(dag != NULL) {
if(uip_is_addr_mcast(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)) {
PRINTF("RPL: Multicast DIS => reset DIO timer\n");
rpl_reset_dio_timer(dag, 0);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Unicast DIS, reply to sender\n");
dio_output(dag, &UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr);
}
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
dis_output(uip_ipaddr_t *addr)
{
unsigned char *buffer;
uip_ipaddr_t tmpaddr;
/* DAG Information Solicitation */
/* Add a padding to be compliant with ICMPv6 */
buffer = UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD;
buffer[0] = buffer[1] = buffer[2] = buffer[3] = 0;
if(addr == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Sending a DIS\n");
uip_create_linklocal_allrouters_mcast(&tmpaddr);
addr = &tmpaddr;
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Sending a unicast DIS\n");
}
uip_icmp6_send(addr, ICMP6_RPL, RPL_CODE_DIS, 4);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#if 0
void
dis_u_output(uip_ipaddr_t *addr)
{
unsigned char *buffer;
/* DAG Information Solicitation */
PRINTF("RPL: Sending a unicast DIS\n");
/* Add a padding to be compliant ICMPv6 */
buffer = UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD;
buffer[0] = buffer[1] = buffer[2] = buffer[3] = 0;
uip_icmp6_send(addr, ICMP6_RPL, RPL_CODE_DIS, 4);
}
#endif
/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
dio_input(void)
{
unsigned char *buffer;
uint8_t buffer_length;
rpl_dio_t dio;
uint8_t subopt_type;
int i;
int len;
rpl_prefix_t prefix;
uip_ipaddr_t from;
uip_ds6_nbr_t *nbr;
dio.dag_intdoubl = DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS;
dio.dag_intmin = DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN;
dio.dag_redund = DEFAULT_DIO_REDUNDANCY;
uip_ipaddr_copy(&from, &UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr);
/* DAG Information Object */
PRINTF("RPL: Received a DIO from ");
PRINT6ADDR(&from);
PRINTF("\n");
if((nbr = uip_ds6_nbr_lookup(&from)) == NULL) {
if((nbr = uip_ds6_nbr_add(&from, (uip_lladdr_t *)
packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_SENDER),
0, NBR_REACHABLE)) != NULL) {
/* set reachable timer */
stimer_set(&(nbr->reachable), UIP_CONF_ND6_REACHABLE_TIME);
PRINTF("RPL: Neighbor added to neighbor cache ");
PRINT6ADDR(&from);
PRINTF(", ");
PRINTLLADDR((uip_lladdr_t *)packetbuf_addr(PACKETBUF_ADDR_SENDER));
PRINTF("\n");
}
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Neighbor already in neighbor cache\n");
}
buffer_length = uip_len - uip_l2_l3_icmp_hdr_len;
/* Process the DIO base option. */
i = 0;
buffer = UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD;
dio.grounded = buffer[i] & RPL_DIO_GROUNDED;
dio.dst_adv_trigger = buffer[i] & RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_TRIGGER;
dio.dst_adv_supported = buffer[i] & RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_SUPPORTED;
dio.preference = buffer[i++] & RPL_DIO_DAG_PREFERENCE_MASK;
dio.sequence_number = buffer[i++];
dio.dag_rank = (buffer[i] << 8) + buffer[i + 1];
i += 2;
dio.instance_id = buffer[i++];
dio.dtsn = buffer[i++];
memcpy(&dio.dag_id, buffer + i, sizeof(dio.dag_id));
i += sizeof(dio.dag_id);
/* Check if there are any DIO suboptions. */
for(; i < buffer_length; i += len) {
subopt_type = buffer[i];
if(subopt_type == RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_PAD1) {
len = 1;
} else {
/* Suboption with a three-byte header. */
len = (buffer[i + 1] << 8) + buffer[i + 2] + 3;
}
switch(subopt_type) {
case RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DAG_MC:
if(len < 7) {
PRINTF("RPL: Invalid DAG MC, len = %d\n", len);
return;
}
break;
case RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DEST_PREFIX:
if(len < 9) {
PRINTF("RPL: Invalid destination prefix option, len = %d\n", len);
return;
}
prefix.preference = (buffer[3] >> 3) & 0x3;
break;
case RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DAG_CONF:
dio.dag_intdoubl = buffer[i + 3];
dio.dag_intmin = buffer[i + 4];
dio.dag_redund = buffer[i + 5];
dio.dag_max_rankinc = buffer[i + 6];
dio.dag_min_hoprankinc = buffer[i + 7];
PRINTF("RPL: DIO trickle timer:dbl=%d, min=%d red=%d maxinc=%d mininc=%d\n", dio.dag_intdoubl,
dio.dag_intmin, dio.dag_redund,
dio.dag_max_rankinc, dio.dag_min_hoprankinc);
break;
case RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_OCP:
dio.ocp = buffer[i + 3] << 8 | buffer[i + 4];
PRINTF("RPL: DAG OCP Sub-opt received OCP = %d\n", dio.ocp);
break;
}
}
rpl_process_dio(&from, &dio);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
dio_output(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *uc_addr)
{
unsigned char *buffer;
int pos;
uip_ipaddr_t addr;
/* DAG Information Solicitation */
PRINTF("RPL: Sending a DIO with rank: %d\n", dag->rank);
pos = 0;
buffer = UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD;
buffer[0] = dag->preference;
if(dag->grounded) {
buffer[0] |= RPL_DIO_GROUNDED;
}
/* Set dst_adv_trigger and dst_adv_supported. */
buffer[0] |= RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_SUPPORTED | RPL_DIO_DEST_ADV_TRIGGER;
buffer[1] = dag->sequence_number;
pos = 2;
buffer[pos++] = dag->rank >> 8;
buffer[pos++] = dag->rank & 0xff;
buffer[pos++] = dag->instance_id;
buffer[pos++] = dag->dtsn;
memcpy(buffer + pos, &dag->dag_id, sizeof(dag->dag_id));
pos += 16;
/* The objective function object must appear first. */
buffer[pos++] = RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_OCP;
buffer[pos++] = 0;
buffer[pos++] = 2;
buffer[pos++] = 0;
buffer[pos++] = 0;
/* alignment here ??? */
/* always add a sub-option for DAG configuration */
buffer[pos++] = RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DAG_CONF;
buffer[pos++] = 0;
buffer[pos++] = 5;
buffer[pos++] = dag->dio_intdoubl;
buffer[pos++] = dag->dio_intmin;
buffer[pos++] = dag->dio_redundancy;
buffer[pos++] = dag->max_rankinc;
buffer[pos++] = dag->min_hoprankinc;
/* buffer[len++] = RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_PAD1; */
/* Unicast requests get unicast replies! */
if(uc_addr == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Sending a multicast-DIO with rank %d\n", dag->rank);
uip_create_linklocal_allrouters_mcast(&addr);
uip_icmp6_send(&addr, ICMP6_RPL, RPL_CODE_DIO, pos);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Sending unicast-DIO with rank %d to ", dag->rank);
PRINT6ADDR(uc_addr);
PRINTF("\n");
uip_icmp6_send(uc_addr, ICMP6_RPL, RPL_CODE_DIO, pos);
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void
dao_input(void)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
unsigned char *buffer;
uint16_t sequence;
uint8_t instance_id;
uint32_t lifetime;
uint8_t rank;
uint8_t prefixlen;
uint32_t route_tag;
uip_ipaddr_t prefix;
uip_ds6_route_t *rep;
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
int pos;
/* Destination Advertisement Object */
PRINTF("RPL: Received a DAO from ");
PRINT6ADDR(&UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr);
PRINTF("\n");
buffer = UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD;
pos = 0;
sequence = (buffer[pos] << 8) | buffer[pos + 1];
pos += 2;
rank = (buffer[pos] << 8) | buffer[pos + 1];
pos += 2;
/* pos = 4 */
instance_id = buffer[pos++];
route_tag = buffer[pos++];
prefixlen = buffer[pos++];
/* ignore RRCount for now: rrcount = buffer[pos++]; */
pos++;
/* pos = 8 */
lifetime = get32(buffer, pos);
pos += 4;
dag = rpl_get_dag(instance_id);
if(dag == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Ignoring a DAO for a different DAG instance (%d)\n",
instance_id);
return;
}
PRINTF("RPL: Incoming DAO rank is %d, my rank is %d\n", rank, dag->rank);
if(rank < dag->rank) {
return;
}
PRINTF("RPL: DAO rank: %u, lifetime: %lu, prefix length: %u\n", rank,
(unsigned long)lifetime, prefixlen);
/* n = rpl_find_neighbor(dag, &UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr); */
/* if(n == NULL) { */
/* n = rpl_add_neighbor(dag, &UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr); */
/* if(n == NULL) { */
/* PRINTF("RPL: Failed to add a neighbor entry for a DAO\n"); */
/* return; */
/* } */
/* } */
/* n->rank = INFINITE_RANK; */
memset(&prefix, 0, sizeof(prefix));
memcpy(&prefix, buffer + pos, prefixlen / CHAR_BIT);
rep = rpl_add_route(dag, &prefix, prefixlen,
&UIP_IP_BUF->srcipaddr);
if(rep == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Could not add a route while receiving a DAO\n");
return;
}
if(lifetime == ZERO_LIFETIME) {
/* No-DAO received; invoke the route purging routine. */
rpl_purge_routes();
return;
}
rep->state.lifetime = lifetime;
if(uip_is_addr_mcast(&UIP_IP_BUF->destipaddr)) {
rep->state.learned_from = RPL_ROUTE_FROM_MULTICAST_DAO;
} else {
rep->state.learned_from = RPL_ROUTE_FROM_UNICAST_DAO;
if((n = rpl_find_best_parent(dag)) != NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Forwarding DAO to parent ");
PRINT6ADDR(&n->addr);
PRINTF("\n");
uip_icmp6_send(&n->addr, ICMP6_RPL, RPL_CODE_DAO,
14 + (prefixlen / CHAR_BIT));
}
}
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
dao_output(rpl_neighbor_t *n, uint32_t lifetime)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
unsigned char *buffer;
static uint16_t sequence;
uint8_t prefixlen;
uip_ipaddr_t addr;
uip_ipaddr_t prefix;
int pos;
/* Destination Advertisement Object */
if(n == NULL) {
dag = rpl_get_dag(RPL_ANY_INSTANCE);
if(dag == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: Did not join a DAG before receiving DAO\n");
return;
}
} else {
dag = n->dag;
}
buffer = UIP_ICMP_PAYLOAD;
++sequence;
pos = 0;
buffer[pos++] = sequence >> 8;
buffer[pos++] = sequence & 0xff;
// uip_ds6_select_src(&prefix, );
if(get_global_addr(&prefix)) {
/* all ok */
} else {
/* not ok */
}
PRINTF("RPL: Sending DAO with prefix ");
PRINT6ADDR(&prefix);
PRINTF(" to ");
if(n != NULL) {
PRINT6ADDR(&n->addr);
} else {
PRINTF("multicast address");
}
PRINTF("\n");
prefixlen = sizeof(dag->dag_id) * CHAR_BIT;
buffer[pos++] = dag->rank >> 8;
buffer[pos++] = dag->rank & 0xff;
/* pos = 4 */
buffer[pos++] = dag->instance_id;
/* Route tag. Unspecified in draft-ietf-roll-rpl-06. */
buffer[pos++] = 0;
buffer[pos++] = prefixlen;
/* Reverse route count. Not used because reverse routing is unscalable
beyond a few hops. */
buffer[pos++] = 0;
/* pos = 8 */
/* DAO Lifetime. */
set32(buffer, pos, lifetime);
pos += 4;
/* pos = 12 or 14 */
memcpy(buffer + pos, &prefix, prefixlen / CHAR_BIT);
pos += (prefixlen / CHAR_BIT);
if(n == NULL) {
uip_create_linklocal_allnodes_mcast(&addr);
} else {
uip_ipaddr_copy(&addr, &n->addr);
}
uip_icmp6_send(&addr, ICMP6_RPL, RPL_CODE_DAO, pos);
}
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void
uip_rpl_input(void)
{
PRINTF("Received an RPL control message\n");
switch(UIP_ICMP_BUF->icode) {
case RPL_CODE_DIO:
dio_input();
break;
case RPL_CODE_DIS:
dis_input();
break;
case RPL_CODE_DAO:
dao_input();
break;
default:
PRINTF("RPL: received an unknown ICMP6 code (%u)\n", UIP_ICMP_BUF->icode);
break;
}
uip_len = 0;
}

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/**
* \addtogroup uip6
* @{
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*
* $Id: rpl-of0.c,v 1.1 2010/04/30 13:43:53 joxe Exp $
*/
/**
* \file
* An implementation of RPL's objective function 0.
*
* \author Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>, Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>
*/
#include "net/rpl/rpl.h"
#define DEBUG DEBUG_ANNOTATE
#include "net/uip-debug.h"
static rpl_neighbor_t *best_parent(rpl_neighbor_t *, rpl_neighbor_t *);
static rpl_rank_t increment_rank(rpl_rank_t, rpl_neighbor_t *);
rpl_of_t rpl_of0 = {
best_parent,
increment_rank,
0
};
#define DEFAULT_RANK_INCREMENT 4
#define MINIMUM_RANK_INCREMENT 1
#define MAXIMUM_RANK_INCREMENT 16
#define MAXIMUM_RANK_STRETCH 4
static rpl_rank_t
increment_rank(rpl_rank_t rank, rpl_neighbor_t *parent)
{
if((rpl_rank_t)(rank + DEFAULT_RANK_INCREMENT) < rank) {
PRINTF("RPL: OF0 rank %d incremented to infinite rank due to wrapping\n",
rank);
return INFINITE_RANK;
}
return rank + DEFAULT_RANK_INCREMENT;
}
static rpl_neighbor_t *
best_parent(rpl_neighbor_t *p1, rpl_neighbor_t *p2)
{
PRINTF("RPL: Comparing parent ");
PRINT6ADDR(&p1->addr);
PRINTF(" (confidence %d, rank %d) with parent ",
p1->local_confidence, p1->rank);
PRINT6ADDR(&p2->addr);
PRINTF(" (confidence %d, rank %d)\n",
p2->local_confidence, p2->rank);
/* TODO: Add other rules. */
if(p1->local_confidence > p2->local_confidence) {
return p1;
} else if(p2->local_confidence > p1->local_confidence) {
return p2;
}
if(p1->rank < p2->rank) {
return p1;
}
return p2;
}

196
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/**
* \addtogroup uip6
* @{
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*
* $Id: rpl-timers.c,v 1.1 2010/04/30 13:43:53 joxe Exp $
*/
/**
* \file
* RPL timer management.
*
* \author Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>, Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>
*/
#include "contiki-conf.h"
#include "net/rime/ctimer.h"
#include "net/rpl/rpl.h"
#include "lib/random.h"
#define DEBUG DEBUG_ANNOTATE
#include "net/uip-debug.h"
/************************************************************************/
static struct ctimer periodic_timer;
static void handle_periodic_timer(void *ptr);
static void new_dio_interval(rpl_dag_t *dag);
static void handle_dio_timer(void *ptr);
static uint16_t next_dis;
/************************************************************************/
static void
handle_periodic_timer(void *ptr)
{
rpl_purge_routes();
/* handle DIS */
#ifdef RPL_DIS_SEND
next_dis++;
if(rpl_get_dag(RPL_ANY_INSTANCE) == NULL && next_dis >= RPL_DIS_INTERVAL) {
next_dis = 0;
dis_output(NULL);
}
#endif
ctimer_reset(&periodic_timer);
}
/************************************************************************/
static void
new_dio_interval(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
unsigned long time;
/* TODO!!! too small timer intervals for many cases */
time = 1L << dag->dio_intcurrent;
/* need to convert from milliseconds to CLOCK_TICKS */
time = (time * CLOCK_SECOND) / 1000;
dag->dio_next_delay = time;
/* random number between I/2 and I */
time = time >> 1;
time += (time * random_rand()) / RANDOM_MAX;
dag->dio_next_delay -= time;
dag->dio_send = 1;
#if RPL_CONF_STATS
/* keep some stats */
dag->dio_totint++;
dag->dio_totrecv += dag->dio_counter;
ANNOTATE("#A rank=%d,ints=%d,snd=%d,rcv=%d,cint=%d\n", dag->rank,
dag->dio_totint, dag->dio_totsend,
dag->dio_totrecv,dag->dio_intcurrent);
#endif /* RPL_CONF_STATS */
/* reset the redundancy counter */
dag->dio_counter = 0;
/* schedule the timer */
PRINTF("RPL: Scheduling DIO timer %lu ticks in future (Interval)\n", time);
ctimer_set(&dag->dio_timer, time & 0xffff, &handle_dio_timer, dag);
}
/************************************************************************/
static void
handle_dio_timer(void *ptr)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
dag = (rpl_dag_t *)ptr;
PRINTF("RPL: DIO Timer triggered\n");
if(dag->dio_send) {
/* send DIO if counter is less than desired redundancy */
if(dag->dio_counter < dag->dio_redundancy) {
#if RPL_CONF_STATS
dag->dio_totsend++;
#endif /* RPL_CONF_STATS */
dio_output(dag, NULL);
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Supressing DIO transmission (%d >= %d)\n",
dag->dio_counter, dag->dio_redundancy);
}
dag->dio_send = 0;
PRINTF("RPL: Scheduling DIO timer %u ticks in future (sent)\n",
dag->dio_next_delay);
ctimer_set(&dag->dio_timer, dag->dio_next_delay, handle_dio_timer, dag);
} else {
/* check if we need to double interval */
if(dag->dio_intcurrent < dag->dio_intmin + dag->dio_intdoubl) {
dag->dio_intcurrent++;
PRINTF("RPL: DIO Timer interval doubled %d\n", dag->dio_intcurrent);
}
new_dio_interval(dag);
}
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_reset_periodic_timer(void)
{
next_dis = RPL_DIS_INTERVAL - RPL_DIS_START_DELAY;
ctimer_set(&periodic_timer, CLOCK_SECOND, handle_periodic_timer, NULL);
}
/************************************************************************/
/* Resets the DIO timer in the DAG and starts-up the interval */
void
rpl_reset_dio_timer(rpl_dag_t *dag, uint8_t force)
{
/* only reset if not just reset or started */
if(force || dag->dio_intcurrent > dag->dio_intmin) {
dag->dio_counter = 0;
dag->dio_intcurrent = dag->dio_intmin;
new_dio_interval(dag);
}
}
/************************************************************************/
static void
handle_dao_timer(void *ptr)
{
rpl_dag_t *dag;
rpl_neighbor_t *n;
dag = (rpl_dag_t *)ptr;
/* Send the DAO to the best parent. rpl-07 section C.2 lists the
fan-out as being under investigation. */
n = rpl_find_best_parent(dag);
if(n != NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL: handle_dao_timer - sending DAO\n");
dao_output(n, DEFAULT_ROUTE_LIFETIME);
}
ctimer_stop(&dag->dao_timer);
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_schedule_dao(rpl_dag_t *dag)
{
clock_time_t expiration_time;
expiration_time = etimer_expiration_time(&dag->dao_timer.etimer);
if(!etimer_expired(&dag->dao_timer.etimer) &&
(expiration_time - clock_time()) < (DEFAULT_DAO_LATENCY / dag->rank)) {
PRINTF("RPL: DAO timer already scheduled\n");
} else {
PRINTF("RPL: Scheduling DAO timer %u ticks in the future (%u %u)\n",
(unsigned)DEFAULT_DAO_LATENCY / dag->rank,
(unsigned)DEFAULT_DAO_LATENCY, (unsigned)dag->rank);
ctimer_set(&dag->dao_timer, DEFAULT_DAO_LATENCY / dag->rank,
handle_dao_timer, dag);
}
}
/************************************************************************/

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/**
* \addtogroup uip6
* @{
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 2009, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*
* $Id: rpl.c,v 1.1 2010/04/30 13:43:53 joxe Exp $
*/
/**
* \file
* ContikiRPL, an implementation of IETF ROLL RPL.
*
* \author Joakim Eriksson <joakime@sics.se>, Nicolas Tsiftes <nvt@sics.se>
*/
#include "net/uip.h"
#include "net/tcpip.h"
#include "net/uip-ds6.h"
#include "net/rpl/rpl.h"
#include "net/neighbor-info.h"
#define DEBUG DEBUG_ANNOTATE
#include "net/uip-debug.h"
#include <limits.h>
/************************************************************************/
#ifndef RPL_CONF_MAX_ROUTE_ENTRIES
#define RPL_MAX_ROUTE_ENTRIES 10
#else
#define RPL_MAX_ROUTE_ENTRIES RPL_CONF_MAX_ROUTE_ENTRIES
#endif /* !RPL_CONF_MAX_ROUTE_ENTRIES */
/************************************************************************/
extern uip_ds6_route_t uip_ds6_routing_table[UIP_DS6_ROUTE_NB];
void
rpl_purge_routes(void)
{
int i;
for(i = 0; i < UIP_DS6_ROUTE_NB; i++) {
if(uip_ds6_routing_table[i].isused) {
if(uip_ds6_routing_table[i].state.lifetime <= 1) {
uip_ds6_route_rm(&uip_ds6_routing_table[i]);
} else {
uip_ds6_routing_table[i].state.lifetime--;
}
}
}
}
/************************************************************************/
uip_ds6_route_t *
rpl_add_route(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *prefix, int prefix_len,
uip_ipaddr_t *next_hop)
{
uip_ds6_route_t *rep;
if((rep = uip_ds6_route_lookup(prefix)) == NULL) {
if((rep = uip_ds6_route_add(prefix, prefix_len, next_hop, 0)) == NULL) {
PRINTF("RPL:ds6 No space for more route entries\n");
return NULL;
}
rep->state.dag = dag;
rep->state.lifetime = DEFAULT_ROUTE_LIFETIME;
rep->state.learned_from = RPL_ROUTE_FROM_INTERNAL;
PRINTF("RPL: Added a route to ");
PRINT6ADDR(prefix);
PRINTF("/%d via ", prefix_len);
PRINT6ADDR(next_hop);
PRINTF("\n");
}
return rep;
}
/************************************************************************/
static void
neighbor_callback(const rimeaddr_t *addr, int known, int etx)
{
uip_ipaddr_t ipaddr;
rpl_dag_t *dag;
rpl_neighbor_t *parent;
uip_ds6_route_t *rep;
uip_ip6addr(&ipaddr, 0xfe80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
uip_ds6_set_addr_iid(&ipaddr, (uip_lladdr_t *)addr);
PRINTF("RPL: Neighbor ");
PRINT6ADDR(&ipaddr);
PRINTF(" is %sknown. ETX = %d\n", known ? "" : "no longer ", etx);
dag = rpl_get_dag(RPL_DEFAULT_INSTANCE);
if(dag == NULL) {
return;
}
parent = rpl_find_neighbor(dag, &ipaddr);
if(parent == NULL) {
rep = uip_ds6_route_lookup(&ipaddr);
if(rep != NULL) {
if(!known) {
rep->state.lifetime = DAO_EXPIRATION_TIMEOUT;
rep->state.saved_lifetime = rep->state.lifetime;
} else {
rep->state.lifetime = rep->state.saved_lifetime;
}
}
} else if(!known) {
PRINTF("RPL: Removing parent ");
PRINT6ADDR(&parent->addr);
PRINTF(" because of bad connectivity (ETX %d)\n",etx);
rpl_remove_neighbor(dag, parent);
if(RPL_PARENT_COUNT(dag) == 0) {
rpl_free_dag(dag);
} else {
/* Select a new default route. */
parent = rpl_find_best_parent(dag);
if(parent != NULL) {
rpl_set_default_route(dag, &parent->addr);
}
}
} else {
parent->local_confidence = ~0 - etx;
PRINTF("RPL: Updating the local confidence value for this neighbor to %d\n",
parent->local_confidence);
if(parent != dag->best_parent &&
dag->of->best_parent(parent, dag->best_parent) == parent) {
dag->best_parent = parent;
rpl_set_default_route(dag, &parent->addr);
}
}
}
/************************************************************************/
void
rpl_init(void)
{
PRINTF("RPL started\n");
rpl_reset_periodic_timer();
neighbor_info_subscribe(neighbor_callback);
}
/************************************************************************/

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/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of the Institute nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INSTITUTE OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* This file is part of the Contiki operating system.
*
* Author: Joakim Eriksson, Nicolas Tsiftes
*
* $Id: rpl.h,v 1.1 2010/04/30 13:43:53 joxe Exp $
*/
#ifndef RPL_H
#define RPL_H
#include "lib/list.h"
#include "net/uip.h"
#include "sys/clock.h"
#include "net/rime/ctimer.h"
#include "net/uip-ds6.h"
/* set to 1 for some statistics on trickle / DIO */
#ifndef RPL_CONF_STATS
#define RPL_CONF_STATS 1
#endif /* RPL_CONF_STATS */
/* The RPL Codes for the message types */
#define RPL_CODE_DIS 1 /* DIS message */
#define RPL_CODE_DIO 2 /* DIO message */
#define RPL_CODE_DAO 4 /* DAO message */
/* RPL DIO suboption types */
#define RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_PAD1 0 /* Pad1 */
#define RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_PADN 1 /* PadN */
#define RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DAG_MC 2 /* DAG metric container */
#define RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DEST_PREFIX 3 /* Destination prefix */
#define RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_DAG_CONF 4 /* DAG configuration */
#define RPL_DIO_SUBOPT_OCP 5 /* OCP */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Default values for RPL constants and variables. */
#define DEFAULT_DAO_LATENCY (CLOCK_SECOND * 10)
/* Special value indicating immediate removal. */
#define ZERO_LIFETIME 0
/* Special value indicating that a DAO should not expire. */
#define INFINITE_LIFETIME 0xffffffff
/* Default route lifetime in seconds. */
#define DEFAULT_ROUTE_LIFETIME INFINITE_LIFETIME
/* Rank of a node outside the LLN. */
#define BASE_RANK 0
/* Rank of a root node. */
#define ROOT_RANK 1
#define INFINITE_RANK 0xffff
#define RPL_DEFAULT_INSTANCE 0
#define RPL_ANY_INSTANCE -1
#define RPL_DEFAULT_OCP 0
/* TODO: pick these from OCP later? */
#define DEFAULT_MAX_RANKINC 16
#define DEFAULT_MIN_HOPRANKINC 4
/* Represents 2^n ms. */
#define DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_MIN 10
/* Maximum amount of timer doublings. */
#define DEFAULT_DIO_INTERVAL_DOUBLINGS 8
/* Desired DIO redundancy. */
#define DEFAULT_DIO_REDUNDANCY 1
/* Expire DAOs from neighbors that do not respond in this time. (seconds) */
#define DAO_EXPIRATION_TIMEOUT 60
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define RPL_ROUTE_FROM_INTERNAL 0
#define RPL_ROUTE_FROM_UNICAST_DAO 1
#define RPL_ROUTE_FROM_MULTICAST_DAO 2
#define RPL_ROUTE_FROM_DIO 3
/* DAG Metric Container Object Types, to be confirmed by IANA. */
#define RPL_DAG_MC_NSA 1
#define RPL_DAG_MC_NE 2
#define RPL_DAG_MC_HC 3
#define RPL_DAG_MC_THROUGHPUT 4
#define RPL_DAG_MC_LATENCY 5
#define RPL_DAG_MC_LQL 6
#define RPL_DAG_MC_ETX 7
#define RPL_DAG_MC_LC 8
/* DIS related */
#define RPL_DIS_SEND 1
#define RPL_DIS_INTERVAL 60
#define RPL_DIS_START_DELAY 5
typedef uint16_t rpl_rank_t;
typedef uint16_t rpl_ocp_t;
struct rpl_neighbor {
struct rpl_neighbor *next;
void *dag;
uip_ipaddr_t addr;
rpl_rank_t rank;
uint8_t local_confidence;
};
typedef struct rpl_neighbor rpl_neighbor_t;
struct rpl_of {
rpl_neighbor_t *(*best_parent)(rpl_neighbor_t *, rpl_neighbor_t *);
rpl_rank_t (*increment_rank)(rpl_rank_t, rpl_neighbor_t *);
rpl_ocp_t ocp;
};
typedef struct rpl_of rpl_of_t;
/* Logical representation of a DAG Information Object (DIO.) */
struct rpl_dio {
uip_ipaddr_t dag_id;
rpl_ocp_t ocp;
rpl_rank_t dag_rank;
uint8_t grounded;
uint8_t dst_adv_trigger;
uint8_t dst_adv_supported;
uint8_t preference;
uint8_t sequence_number;
uint8_t instance_id;
uint8_t dtsn;
uint8_t dag_intdoubl;
uint8_t dag_intmin;
uint8_t dag_redund;
uint8_t dag_max_rankinc;
uint8_t dag_min_hoprankinc;
};
typedef struct rpl_dio rpl_dio_t;
struct rpl_prefix {
uip_ipaddr_t prefix;
uint32_t lifetime;
uint8_t length;
uint8_t preference;
};
typedef struct rpl_prefix rpl_prefix_t;
/* Directed Acyclic Graph */
struct rpl_dag {
/* DAG configuration */
rpl_of_t *of;
uip_ipaddr_t dag_id;
/* this is the current def-router that is set - used for routing "upwards" */
uip_ds6_defrt_t *def_route;
rpl_rank_t rank;
rpl_rank_t min_rank; /* should be nullified per dodag iteration! */
uint8_t dtsn;
uint8_t instance_id;
uint8_t sequence_number;
uint8_t preference;
uint8_t grounded;
uint8_t dio_intdoubl;
uint8_t dio_intmin;
uint8_t dio_redundancy;
uint8_t max_rankinc;
uint8_t min_hoprankinc;
uint8_t used;
/* live data for the DAG */
uint8_t joined;
uint8_t dio_intcurrent;
uint8_t dio_send; /* for keeping track of which mode the timer is in */
uint8_t dio_counter;
#if RPL_CONF_STATS
uint16_t dio_totint;
uint16_t dio_totsend;
uint16_t dio_totrecv;
#endif /* RPL_CONF_STATS */
uint16_t dio_next_delay; /* delay for completion of dio interval */
struct ctimer dio_timer;
struct ctimer dao_timer;
rpl_neighbor_t *best_parent;
void *neighbor_list;
list_t neighbors;
};
typedef struct rpl_dag rpl_dag_t;
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* RPL macro functions. */
#define RPL_PARENT_COUNT(dag) \
list_length((dag)->neighbors)
#define RPL_NEIGHBOR_IS_CHILD(dag, neighbor) \
((neighbor)->rank > (dag)->rank)
#define RPL_NEIGHBOR_IS_SIBLING(dag, neighbor) \
((neighbor)->rank == (dag)->rank)
#define RPL_NEIGHBOR_IS_PARENT(dag, neighbor) \
((neighbor)->rank < (dag)->rank)
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* ICMPv6 functions for RPL. */
void dis_output(uip_ipaddr_t *addr);
void dio_output(rpl_dag_t *, uip_ipaddr_t *uc_addr);
void dao_output(rpl_neighbor_t *, uint32_t lifetime);
void uip_rpl_input(void);
/* RPL logic functions. */
int rpl_set_root(uip_ipaddr_t *);
int rpl_repair_dag(rpl_dag_t *dag);
int rpl_set_default_route(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *from);
void rpl_process_dio(uip_ipaddr_t *, rpl_dio_t *);
/* DAG allocation and deallocation. */
rpl_dag_t *rpl_alloc_dag(void);
void rpl_free_dag(rpl_dag_t *);
/* DAG parent management function. */
rpl_neighbor_t *rpl_add_neighbor(rpl_dag_t *, uip_ipaddr_t *);
rpl_neighbor_t *rpl_find_neighbor(rpl_dag_t *, uip_ipaddr_t *);
int rpl_remove_neighbor(rpl_dag_t *, rpl_neighbor_t *);
rpl_neighbor_t *rpl_first_parent(rpl_dag_t *dag);
rpl_neighbor_t *rpl_find_best_parent(rpl_dag_t *dag);
void rpl_join_dag(rpl_dag_t *);
rpl_dag_t *rpl_get_dag(int instance_id);
rpl_dag_t *rpl_find_dag(unsigned char aucIndex);
/* RPL routing table functions. */
uip_ds6_route_t *rpl_add_route(rpl_dag_t *dag, uip_ipaddr_t *prefix,
int prefix_len, uip_ipaddr_t *next_hop);
void rpl_purge_routes(void);
/* Objective function. */
rpl_of_t *rpl_find_of(rpl_ocp_t);
/* Timer functions. */
void rpl_schedule_dao(rpl_dag_t *);
void rpl_reset_dio_timer(rpl_dag_t *, uint8_t);
void rpl_reset_periodic_timer(void);
/* Route poisoning. */
void rpl_poison_routes(rpl_dag_t *, rpl_neighbor_t *);
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void rpl_init(void);
#endif /* RPL_H */