1166 lines
45 KiB
Ruby
1166 lines
45 KiB
Ruby
require 'active_resource/connection'
|
|
require 'cgi'
|
|
require 'set'
|
|
|
|
module ActiveResource
|
|
# ActiveResource::Base is the main class for mapping RESTful resources as models in a Rails application.
|
|
#
|
|
# For an outline of what Active Resource is capable of, see link:files/vendor/rails/activeresource/README.html.
|
|
#
|
|
# == Automated mapping
|
|
#
|
|
# Active Resource objects represent your RESTful resources as manipulatable Ruby objects. To map resources
|
|
# to Ruby objects, Active Resource only needs a class name that corresponds to the resource name (e.g., the class
|
|
# Person maps to the resources people, very similarly to Active Record) and a +site+ value, which holds the
|
|
# URI of the resources.
|
|
#
|
|
# class Person < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# Now the Person class is mapped to RESTful resources located at <tt>http://api.people.com:3000/people/</tt>, and
|
|
# you can now use Active Resource's lifecycles methods to manipulate resources. In the case where you already have
|
|
# an existing model with the same name as the desired RESTful resource you can set the +element_name+ value.
|
|
#
|
|
# class PersonResource < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
|
|
# self.element_name = "person"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
#
|
|
# == Lifecycle methods
|
|
#
|
|
# Active Resource exposes methods for creating, finding, updating, and deleting resources
|
|
# from REST web services.
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan = Person.new(:first => 'Ryan', :last => 'Daigle')
|
|
# ryan.save # => true
|
|
# ryan.id # => 2
|
|
# Person.exists?(ryan.id) # => true
|
|
# ryan.exists? # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan = Person.find(1)
|
|
# # Resource holding our newly created Person object
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan.first = 'Rizzle'
|
|
# ryan.save # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan.destroy # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# As you can see, these are very similar to Active Record's lifecycle methods for database records.
|
|
# You can read more about each of these methods in their respective documentation.
|
|
#
|
|
# === Custom REST methods
|
|
#
|
|
# Since simple CRUD/lifecycle methods can't accomplish every task, Active Resource also supports
|
|
# defining your own custom REST methods. To invoke them, Active Resource provides the <tt>get</tt>,
|
|
# <tt>post</tt>, <tt>put</tt> and <tt>\delete</tt> methods where you can specify a custom REST method
|
|
# name to invoke.
|
|
#
|
|
# # POST to the custom 'register' REST method, i.e. POST /people/new/register.xml.
|
|
# Person.new(:name => 'Ryan').post(:register)
|
|
# # => { :id => 1, :name => 'Ryan', :position => 'Clerk' }
|
|
#
|
|
# # PUT an update by invoking the 'promote' REST method, i.e. PUT /people/1/promote.xml?position=Manager.
|
|
# Person.find(1).put(:promote, :position => 'Manager')
|
|
# # => { :id => 1, :name => 'Ryan', :position => 'Manager' }
|
|
#
|
|
# # GET all the positions available, i.e. GET /people/positions.xml.
|
|
# Person.get(:positions)
|
|
# # => [{:name => 'Manager'}, {:name => 'Clerk'}]
|
|
#
|
|
# # DELETE to 'fire' a person, i.e. DELETE /people/1/fire.xml.
|
|
# Person.find(1).delete(:fire)
|
|
#
|
|
# For more information on using custom REST methods, see the
|
|
# ActiveResource::CustomMethods documentation.
|
|
#
|
|
# == Validations
|
|
#
|
|
# You can validate resources client side by overriding validation methods in the base class.
|
|
#
|
|
# class Person < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
|
|
# protected
|
|
# def validate
|
|
# errors.add("last", "has invalid characters") unless last =~ /[a-zA-Z]*/
|
|
# end
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# See the ActiveResource::Validations documentation for more information.
|
|
#
|
|
# == Authentication
|
|
#
|
|
# Many REST APIs will require authentication, usually in the form of basic
|
|
# HTTP authentication. Authentication can be specified by:
|
|
#
|
|
# === HTTP Basic Authentication
|
|
# * putting the credentials in the URL for the +site+ variable.
|
|
#
|
|
# class Person < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "http://ryan:password@api.people.com:3000/"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# * defining +user+ and/or +password+ variables
|
|
#
|
|
# class Person < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
|
|
# self.user = "ryan"
|
|
# self.password = "password"
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# For obvious security reasons, it is probably best if such services are available
|
|
# over HTTPS.
|
|
#
|
|
# Note: Some values cannot be provided in the URL passed to site. e.g. email addresses
|
|
# as usernames. In those situations you should use the separate user and password option.
|
|
#
|
|
# === Certificate Authentication
|
|
#
|
|
# * End point uses an X509 certificate for authentication. <tt>See ssl_options=</tt> for all options.
|
|
#
|
|
# class Person < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "https://secure.api.people.com/"
|
|
# self.ssl_options = {:cert => OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(File.open(pem_file))
|
|
# :key => OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(File.open(pem_file)),
|
|
# :ca_path => "/path/to/OpenSSL/formatted/CA_Certs",
|
|
# :verify_mode => OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER}
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# == Errors & Validation
|
|
#
|
|
# Error handling and validation is handled in much the same manner as you're used to seeing in
|
|
# Active Record. Both the response code in the HTTP response and the body of the response are used to
|
|
# indicate that an error occurred.
|
|
#
|
|
# === Resource errors
|
|
#
|
|
# When a GET is requested for a resource that does not exist, the HTTP <tt>404</tt> (Resource Not Found)
|
|
# response code will be returned from the server which will raise an ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
|
|
# exception.
|
|
#
|
|
# # GET http://api.people.com:3000/people/999.xml
|
|
# ryan = Person.find(999) # 404, raises ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
|
|
#
|
|
# <tt>404</tt> is just one of the HTTP error response codes that Active Resource will handle with its own exception. The
|
|
# following HTTP response codes will also result in these exceptions:
|
|
#
|
|
# * 200..399 - Valid response, no exception (other than 301, 302)
|
|
# * 301, 302 - ActiveResource::Redirection
|
|
# * 400 - ActiveResource::BadRequest
|
|
# * 401 - ActiveResource::UnauthorizedAccess
|
|
# * 403 - ActiveResource::ForbiddenAccess
|
|
# * 404 - ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
|
|
# * 405 - ActiveResource::MethodNotAllowed
|
|
# * 409 - ActiveResource::ResourceConflict
|
|
# * 410 - ActiveResource::ResourceGone
|
|
# * 422 - ActiveResource::ResourceInvalid (rescued by save as validation errors)
|
|
# * 401..499 - ActiveResource::ClientError
|
|
# * 500..599 - ActiveResource::ServerError
|
|
# * Other - ActiveResource::ConnectionError
|
|
#
|
|
# These custom exceptions allow you to deal with resource errors more naturally and with more precision
|
|
# rather than returning a general HTTP error. For example:
|
|
#
|
|
# begin
|
|
# ryan = Person.find(my_id)
|
|
# rescue ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound
|
|
# redirect_to :action => 'not_found'
|
|
# rescue ActiveResource::ResourceConflict, ActiveResource::ResourceInvalid
|
|
# redirect_to :action => 'new'
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# === Validation errors
|
|
#
|
|
# Active Resource supports validations on resources and will return errors if any these validations fail
|
|
# (e.g., "First name can not be blank" and so on). These types of errors are denoted in the response by
|
|
# a response code of <tt>422</tt> and an XML or JSON representation of the validation errors. The save operation will
|
|
# then fail (with a <tt>false</tt> return value) and the validation errors can be accessed on the resource in question.
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan = Person.find(1)
|
|
# ryan.first # => ''
|
|
# ryan.save # => false
|
|
#
|
|
# # When
|
|
# # PUT http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.xml
|
|
# # or
|
|
# # PUT http://api.people.com:3000/people/1.json
|
|
# # is requested with invalid values, the response is:
|
|
# #
|
|
# # Response (422):
|
|
# # <errors type="array"><error>First cannot be empty</error></errors>
|
|
# # or
|
|
# # {"errors":["First cannot be empty"]}
|
|
# #
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan.errors.invalid?(:first) # => true
|
|
# ryan.errors.full_messages # => ['First cannot be empty']
|
|
#
|
|
# Learn more about Active Resource's validation features in the ActiveResource::Validations documentation.
|
|
#
|
|
# === Timeouts
|
|
#
|
|
# Active Resource relies on HTTP to access RESTful APIs and as such is inherently susceptible to slow or
|
|
# unresponsive servers. In such cases, your Active Resource method calls could \timeout. You can control the
|
|
# amount of time before Active Resource times out with the +timeout+ variable.
|
|
#
|
|
# class Person < ActiveResource::Base
|
|
# self.site = "http://api.people.com:3000/"
|
|
# self.timeout = 5
|
|
# end
|
|
#
|
|
# This sets the +timeout+ to 5 seconds. You can adjust the +timeout+ to a value suitable for the RESTful API
|
|
# you are accessing. It is recommended to set this to a reasonably low value to allow your Active Resource
|
|
# clients (especially if you are using Active Resource in a Rails application) to fail-fast (see
|
|
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail-fast) rather than cause cascading failures that could incapacitate your
|
|
# server.
|
|
#
|
|
# When a \timeout occurs, an ActiveResource::TimeoutError is raised. You should rescue from
|
|
# ActiveResource::TimeoutError in your Active Resource method calls.
|
|
#
|
|
# Internally, Active Resource relies on Ruby's Net::HTTP library to make HTTP requests. Setting +timeout+
|
|
# sets the <tt>read_timeout</tt> of the internal Net::HTTP instance to the same value. The default
|
|
# <tt>read_timeout</tt> is 60 seconds on most Ruby implementations.
|
|
class Base
|
|
##
|
|
# :singleton-method:
|
|
# The logger for diagnosing and tracing Active Resource calls.
|
|
cattr_accessor :logger
|
|
|
|
# Controls the top-level behavior of JSON serialization
|
|
cattr_accessor :include_root_in_json, :instance_writer => false
|
|
|
|
class << self
|
|
# Gets the URI of the REST resources to map for this class. The site variable is required for
|
|
# Active Resource's mapping to work.
|
|
def site
|
|
# Not using superclass_delegating_reader because don't want subclasses to modify superclass instance
|
|
#
|
|
# With superclass_delegating_reader
|
|
#
|
|
# Parent.site = 'http://anonymous@test.com'
|
|
# Subclass.site # => 'http://anonymous@test.com'
|
|
# Subclass.site.user = 'david'
|
|
# Parent.site # => 'http://david@test.com'
|
|
#
|
|
# Without superclass_delegating_reader (expected behaviour)
|
|
#
|
|
# Parent.site = 'http://anonymous@test.com'
|
|
# Subclass.site # => 'http://anonymous@test.com'
|
|
# Subclass.site.user = 'david' # => TypeError: can't modify frozen object
|
|
#
|
|
if defined?(@site)
|
|
@site
|
|
elsif superclass != Object && superclass.site
|
|
superclass.site.dup.freeze
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the URI of the REST resources to map for this class to the value in the +site+ argument.
|
|
# The site variable is required for Active Resource's mapping to work.
|
|
def site=(site)
|
|
@connection = nil
|
|
if site.nil?
|
|
@site = nil
|
|
else
|
|
@site = create_site_uri_from(site)
|
|
@user = URI.decode(@site.user) if @site.user
|
|
@password = URI.decode(@site.password) if @site.password
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Gets the \proxy variable if a proxy is required
|
|
def proxy
|
|
# Not using superclass_delegating_reader. See +site+ for explanation
|
|
if defined?(@proxy)
|
|
@proxy
|
|
elsif superclass != Object && superclass.proxy
|
|
superclass.proxy.dup.freeze
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the URI of the http proxy to the value in the +proxy+ argument.
|
|
def proxy=(proxy)
|
|
@connection = nil
|
|
@proxy = proxy.nil? ? nil : create_proxy_uri_from(proxy)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Gets the \user for REST HTTP authentication.
|
|
def user
|
|
# Not using superclass_delegating_reader. See +site+ for explanation
|
|
if defined?(@user)
|
|
@user
|
|
elsif superclass != Object && superclass.user
|
|
superclass.user.dup.freeze
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the \user for REST HTTP authentication.
|
|
def user=(user)
|
|
@connection = nil
|
|
@user = user
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Gets the \password for REST HTTP authentication.
|
|
def password
|
|
# Not using superclass_delegating_reader. See +site+ for explanation
|
|
if defined?(@password)
|
|
@password
|
|
elsif superclass != Object && superclass.password
|
|
superclass.password.dup.freeze
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the \password for REST HTTP authentication.
|
|
def password=(password)
|
|
@connection = nil
|
|
@password = password
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the format that attributes are sent and received in from a mime type reference:
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.format = :json
|
|
# Person.find(1) # => GET /people/1.json
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.format = ActiveResource::Formats::XmlFormat
|
|
# Person.find(1) # => GET /people/1.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Default format is <tt>:xml</tt>.
|
|
def format=(mime_type_reference_or_format)
|
|
format = mime_type_reference_or_format.is_a?(Symbol) ?
|
|
ActiveResource::Formats[mime_type_reference_or_format] : mime_type_reference_or_format
|
|
|
|
write_inheritable_attribute(:format, format)
|
|
connection.format = format if site
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns the current format, default is ActiveResource::Formats::XmlFormat.
|
|
def format
|
|
read_inheritable_attribute(:format) || ActiveResource::Formats[:xml]
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the number of seconds after which requests to the REST API should time out.
|
|
def timeout=(timeout)
|
|
@connection = nil
|
|
@timeout = timeout
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Gets the number of seconds after which requests to the REST API should time out.
|
|
def timeout
|
|
if defined?(@timeout)
|
|
@timeout
|
|
elsif superclass != Object && superclass.timeout
|
|
superclass.timeout
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Options that will get applied to an SSL connection.
|
|
#
|
|
# * <tt>:key</tt> - An OpenSSL::PKey::RSA or OpenSSL::PKey::DSA object.
|
|
# * <tt>:cert</tt> - An OpenSSL::X509::Certificate object as client certificate
|
|
# * <tt>:ca_file</tt> - Path to a CA certification file in PEM format. The file can contrain several CA certificates.
|
|
# * <tt>:ca_path</tt> - Path of a CA certification directory containing certifications in PEM format.
|
|
# * <tt>:verify_mode</tt> - Flags for server the certification verification at begining of SSL/TLS session. (OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE or OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER is acceptable)
|
|
# * <tt>:verify_callback</tt> - The verify callback for the server certification verification.
|
|
# * <tt>:verify_depth</tt> - The maximum depth for the certificate chain verification.
|
|
# * <tt>:cert_store</tt> - OpenSSL::X509::Store to verify peer certificate.
|
|
# * <tt>:ssl_timeout</tt> -The SSL timeout in seconds.
|
|
def ssl_options=(opts={})
|
|
@connection = nil
|
|
@ssl_options = opts
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns the SSL options hash.
|
|
def ssl_options
|
|
if defined?(@ssl_options)
|
|
@ssl_options
|
|
elsif superclass != Object && superclass.ssl_options
|
|
superclass.ssl_options
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# An instance of ActiveResource::Connection that is the base \connection to the remote service.
|
|
# The +refresh+ parameter toggles whether or not the \connection is refreshed at every request
|
|
# or not (defaults to <tt>false</tt>).
|
|
def connection(refresh = false)
|
|
if defined?(@connection) || superclass == Object
|
|
@connection = Connection.new(site, format) if refresh || @connection.nil?
|
|
@connection.proxy = proxy if proxy
|
|
@connection.user = user if user
|
|
@connection.password = password if password
|
|
@connection.timeout = timeout if timeout
|
|
@connection.ssl_options = ssl_options if ssl_options
|
|
@connection
|
|
else
|
|
superclass.connection
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def headers
|
|
@headers ||= {}
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Do not include any modules in the default element name. This makes it easier to seclude ARes objects
|
|
# in a separate namespace without having to set element_name repeatedly.
|
|
attr_accessor_with_default(:element_name) { to_s.split("::").last.underscore } #:nodoc:
|
|
|
|
attr_accessor_with_default(:collection_name) { element_name.pluralize } #:nodoc:
|
|
attr_accessor_with_default(:primary_key, 'id') #:nodoc:
|
|
|
|
# Gets the \prefix for a resource's nested URL (e.g., <tt>prefix/collectionname/1.xml</tt>)
|
|
# This method is regenerated at runtime based on what the \prefix is set to.
|
|
def prefix(options={})
|
|
default = site.path
|
|
default << '/' unless default[-1..-1] == '/'
|
|
# generate the actual method based on the current site path
|
|
self.prefix = default
|
|
prefix(options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# An attribute reader for the source string for the resource path \prefix. This
|
|
# method is regenerated at runtime based on what the \prefix is set to.
|
|
def prefix_source
|
|
prefix # generate #prefix and #prefix_source methods first
|
|
prefix_source
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the \prefix for a resource's nested URL (e.g., <tt>prefix/collectionname/1.xml</tt>).
|
|
# Default value is <tt>site.path</tt>.
|
|
def prefix=(value = '/')
|
|
# Replace :placeholders with '#{embedded options[:lookups]}'
|
|
prefix_call = value.gsub(/:\w+/) { |key| "\#{options[#{key}]}" }
|
|
|
|
# Clear prefix parameters in case they have been cached
|
|
@prefix_parameters = nil
|
|
|
|
# Redefine the new methods.
|
|
code, line = <<-end_code, __LINE__ + 1
|
|
def prefix_source() "#{value}" end
|
|
def prefix(options={}) "#{prefix_call}" end
|
|
end_code
|
|
silence_warnings { instance_eval code, __FILE__, line }
|
|
rescue
|
|
logger.error "Couldn't set prefix: #{$!}\n #{code}"
|
|
raise
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
alias_method :set_prefix, :prefix= #:nodoc:
|
|
|
|
alias_method :set_element_name, :element_name= #:nodoc:
|
|
alias_method :set_collection_name, :collection_name= #:nodoc:
|
|
|
|
# Gets the element path for the given ID in +id+. If the +query_options+ parameter is omitted, Rails
|
|
# will split from the \prefix options.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Options
|
|
# +prefix_options+ - A \hash to add a \prefix to the request for nested URLs (e.g., <tt>:account_id => 19</tt>
|
|
# would yield a URL like <tt>/accounts/19/purchases.xml</tt>).
|
|
# +query_options+ - A \hash to add items to the query string for the request.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Post.element_path(1)
|
|
# # => /posts/1.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Comment.element_path(1, :post_id => 5)
|
|
# # => /posts/5/comments/1.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Comment.element_path(1, :post_id => 5, :active => 1)
|
|
# # => /posts/5/comments/1.xml?active=1
|
|
#
|
|
# Comment.element_path(1, {:post_id => 5}, {:active => 1})
|
|
# # => /posts/5/comments/1.xml?active=1
|
|
#
|
|
def element_path(id, prefix_options = {}, query_options = nil)
|
|
prefix_options, query_options = split_options(prefix_options) if query_options.nil?
|
|
"#{prefix(prefix_options)}#{collection_name}/#{id}.#{format.extension}#{query_string(query_options)}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Gets the collection path for the REST resources. If the +query_options+ parameter is omitted, Rails
|
|
# will split from the +prefix_options+.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Options
|
|
# * +prefix_options+ - A hash to add a prefix to the request for nested URL's (e.g., <tt>:account_id => 19</tt>
|
|
# would yield a URL like <tt>/accounts/19/purchases.xml</tt>).
|
|
# * +query_options+ - A hash to add items to the query string for the request.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Post.collection_path
|
|
# # => /posts.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Comment.collection_path(:post_id => 5)
|
|
# # => /posts/5/comments.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Comment.collection_path(:post_id => 5, :active => 1)
|
|
# # => /posts/5/comments.xml?active=1
|
|
#
|
|
# Comment.collection_path({:post_id => 5}, {:active => 1})
|
|
# # => /posts/5/comments.xml?active=1
|
|
#
|
|
def collection_path(prefix_options = {}, query_options = nil)
|
|
prefix_options, query_options = split_options(prefix_options) if query_options.nil?
|
|
"#{prefix(prefix_options)}#{collection_name}.#{format.extension}#{query_string(query_options)}"
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
alias_method :set_primary_key, :primary_key= #:nodoc:
|
|
|
|
# Creates a new resource instance and makes a request to the remote service
|
|
# that it be saved, making it equivalent to the following simultaneous calls:
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan = Person.new(:first => 'ryan')
|
|
# ryan.save
|
|
#
|
|
# Returns the newly created resource. If a failure has occurred an
|
|
# exception will be raised (see <tt>save</tt>). If the resource is invalid and
|
|
# has not been saved then <tt>valid?</tt> will return <tt>false</tt>,
|
|
# while <tt>new?</tt> will still return <tt>true</tt>.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Person.create(:name => 'Jeremy', :email => 'myname@nospam.com', :enabled => true)
|
|
# my_person = Person.find(:first)
|
|
# my_person.email # => myname@nospam.com
|
|
#
|
|
# dhh = Person.create(:name => 'David', :email => 'dhh@nospam.com', :enabled => true)
|
|
# dhh.valid? # => true
|
|
# dhh.new? # => false
|
|
#
|
|
# # We'll assume that there's a validation that requires the name attribute
|
|
# that_guy = Person.create(:name => '', :email => 'thatguy@nospam.com', :enabled => true)
|
|
# that_guy.valid? # => false
|
|
# that_guy.new? # => true
|
|
def create(attributes = {})
|
|
self.new(attributes).tap { |resource| resource.save }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Core method for finding resources. Used similarly to Active Record's +find+ method.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Arguments
|
|
# The first argument is considered to be the scope of the query. That is, how many
|
|
# resources are returned from the request. It can be one of the following.
|
|
#
|
|
# * <tt>:one</tt> - Returns a single resource.
|
|
# * <tt>:first</tt> - Returns the first resource found.
|
|
# * <tt>:last</tt> - Returns the last resource found.
|
|
# * <tt>:all</tt> - Returns every resource that matches the request.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Options
|
|
#
|
|
# * <tt>:from</tt> - Sets the path or custom method that resources will be fetched from.
|
|
# * <tt>:params</tt> - Sets query and \prefix (nested URL) parameters.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Person.find(1)
|
|
# # => GET /people/1.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:all)
|
|
# # => GET /people.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:all, :params => { :title => "CEO" })
|
|
# # => GET /people.xml?title=CEO
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:first, :from => :managers)
|
|
# # => GET /people/managers.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:last, :from => :managers)
|
|
# # => GET /people/managers.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:all, :from => "/companies/1/people.xml")
|
|
# # => GET /companies/1/people.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:one, :from => :leader)
|
|
# # => GET /people/leader.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:all, :from => :developers, :params => { :language => 'ruby' })
|
|
# # => GET /people/developers.xml?language=ruby
|
|
#
|
|
# Person.find(:one, :from => "/companies/1/manager.xml")
|
|
# # => GET /companies/1/manager.xml
|
|
#
|
|
# StreetAddress.find(1, :params => { :person_id => 1 })
|
|
# # => GET /people/1/street_addresses/1.xml
|
|
def find(*arguments)
|
|
scope = arguments.slice!(0)
|
|
options = arguments.slice!(0) || {}
|
|
|
|
case scope
|
|
when :all then find_every(options)
|
|
when :first then find_every(options).first
|
|
when :last then find_every(options).last
|
|
when :one then find_one(options)
|
|
else find_single(scope, options)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Deletes the resources with the ID in the +id+ parameter.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Options
|
|
# All options specify \prefix and query parameters.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Event.delete(2) # sends DELETE /events/2
|
|
#
|
|
# Event.create(:name => 'Free Concert', :location => 'Community Center')
|
|
# my_event = Event.find(:first) # let's assume this is event with ID 7
|
|
# Event.delete(my_event.id) # sends DELETE /events/7
|
|
#
|
|
# # Let's assume a request to events/5/cancel.xml
|
|
# Event.delete(params[:id]) # sends DELETE /events/5
|
|
def delete(id, options = {})
|
|
connection.delete(element_path(id, options))
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Asserts the existence of a resource, returning <tt>true</tt> if the resource is found.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Note.create(:title => 'Hello, world.', :body => 'Nothing more for now...')
|
|
# Note.exists?(1) # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# Note.exists(1349) # => false
|
|
def exists?(id, options = {})
|
|
if id
|
|
prefix_options, query_options = split_options(options[:params])
|
|
path = element_path(id, prefix_options, query_options)
|
|
response = connection.head(path, headers)
|
|
response.code.to_i == 200
|
|
end
|
|
# id && !find_single(id, options).nil?
|
|
rescue ActiveResource::ResourceNotFound, ActiveResource::ResourceGone
|
|
false
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
private
|
|
# Find every resource
|
|
def find_every(options)
|
|
case from = options[:from]
|
|
when Symbol
|
|
instantiate_collection(get(from, options[:params]))
|
|
when String
|
|
path = "#{from}#{query_string(options[:params])}"
|
|
instantiate_collection(connection.get(path, headers) || [])
|
|
else
|
|
prefix_options, query_options = split_options(options[:params])
|
|
path = collection_path(prefix_options, query_options)
|
|
instantiate_collection( (connection.get(path, headers) || []), prefix_options )
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Find a single resource from a one-off URL
|
|
def find_one(options)
|
|
case from = options[:from]
|
|
when Symbol
|
|
instantiate_record(get(from, options[:params]))
|
|
when String
|
|
path = "#{from}#{query_string(options[:params])}"
|
|
instantiate_record(connection.get(path, headers))
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Find a single resource from the default URL
|
|
def find_single(scope, options)
|
|
prefix_options, query_options = split_options(options[:params])
|
|
path = element_path(scope, prefix_options, query_options)
|
|
instantiate_record(connection.get(path, headers), prefix_options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def instantiate_collection(collection, prefix_options = {})
|
|
collection.collect! { |record| instantiate_record(record, prefix_options) }
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def instantiate_record(record, prefix_options = {})
|
|
new(record).tap do |resource|
|
|
resource.prefix_options = prefix_options
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Accepts a URI and creates the site URI from that.
|
|
def create_site_uri_from(site)
|
|
site.is_a?(URI) ? site.dup : URI.parse(site)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Accepts a URI and creates the proxy URI from that.
|
|
def create_proxy_uri_from(proxy)
|
|
proxy.is_a?(URI) ? proxy.dup : URI.parse(proxy)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# contains a set of the current prefix parameters.
|
|
def prefix_parameters
|
|
@prefix_parameters ||= prefix_source.scan(/:\w+/).map { |key| key[1..-1].to_sym }.to_set
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Builds the query string for the request.
|
|
def query_string(options)
|
|
"?#{options.to_query}" unless options.nil? || options.empty?
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# split an option hash into two hashes, one containing the prefix options,
|
|
# and the other containing the leftovers.
|
|
def split_options(options = {})
|
|
prefix_options, query_options = {}, {}
|
|
|
|
(options || {}).each do |key, value|
|
|
next if key.blank?
|
|
(prefix_parameters.include?(key.to_sym) ? prefix_options : query_options)[key.to_sym] = value
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
[ prefix_options, query_options ]
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
attr_accessor :attributes #:nodoc:
|
|
attr_accessor :prefix_options #:nodoc:
|
|
|
|
# Constructor method for \new resources; the optional +attributes+ parameter takes a \hash
|
|
# of attributes for the \new resource.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_course = Course.new
|
|
# my_course.name = "Western Civilization"
|
|
# my_course.lecturer = "Don Trotter"
|
|
# my_course.save
|
|
#
|
|
# my_other_course = Course.new(:name => "Philosophy: Reason and Being", :lecturer => "Ralph Cling")
|
|
# my_other_course.save
|
|
def initialize(attributes = {})
|
|
@attributes = {}
|
|
@prefix_options = {}
|
|
load(attributes)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns a \clone of the resource that hasn't been assigned an +id+ yet and
|
|
# is treated as a \new resource.
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan = Person.find(1)
|
|
# not_ryan = ryan.clone
|
|
# not_ryan.new? # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# Any active resource member attributes will NOT be cloned, though all other
|
|
# attributes are. This is to prevent the conflict between any +prefix_options+
|
|
# that refer to the original parent resource and the newly cloned parent
|
|
# resource that does not exist.
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan = Person.find(1)
|
|
# ryan.address = StreetAddress.find(1, :person_id => ryan.id)
|
|
# ryan.hash = {:not => "an ARes instance"}
|
|
#
|
|
# not_ryan = ryan.clone
|
|
# not_ryan.new? # => true
|
|
# not_ryan.address # => NoMethodError
|
|
# not_ryan.hash # => {:not => "an ARes instance"}
|
|
def clone
|
|
# Clone all attributes except the pk and any nested ARes
|
|
cloned = attributes.reject {|k,v| k == self.class.primary_key || v.is_a?(ActiveResource::Base)}.inject({}) do |attrs, (k, v)|
|
|
attrs[k] = v.clone
|
|
attrs
|
|
end
|
|
# Form the new resource - bypass initialize of resource with 'new' as that will call 'load' which
|
|
# attempts to convert hashes into member objects and arrays into collections of objects. We want
|
|
# the raw objects to be cloned so we bypass load by directly setting the attributes hash.
|
|
resource = self.class.new({})
|
|
resource.prefix_options = self.prefix_options
|
|
resource.send :instance_variable_set, '@attributes', cloned
|
|
resource
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
|
|
# A method to determine if the resource a \new object (i.e., it has not been POSTed to the remote service yet).
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# not_new = Computer.create(:brand => 'Apple', :make => 'MacBook', :vendor => 'MacMall')
|
|
# not_new.new? # => false
|
|
#
|
|
# is_new = Computer.new(:brand => 'IBM', :make => 'Thinkpad', :vendor => 'IBM')
|
|
# is_new.new? # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# is_new.save
|
|
# is_new.new? # => false
|
|
#
|
|
def new?
|
|
id.nil?
|
|
end
|
|
alias :new_record? :new?
|
|
|
|
# Gets the <tt>\id</tt> attribute of the resource.
|
|
def id
|
|
attributes[self.class.primary_key]
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Sets the <tt>\id</tt> attribute of the resource.
|
|
def id=(id)
|
|
attributes[self.class.primary_key] = id
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Allows Active Resource objects to be used as parameters in Action Pack URL generation.
|
|
def to_param
|
|
id && id.to_s
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Test for equality. Resource are equal if and only if +other+ is the same object or
|
|
# is an instance of the same class, is not <tt>new?</tt>, and has the same +id+.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# ryan = Person.create(:name => 'Ryan')
|
|
# jamie = Person.create(:name => 'Jamie')
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan == jamie
|
|
# # => false (Different name attribute and id)
|
|
#
|
|
# ryan_again = Person.new(:name => 'Ryan')
|
|
# ryan == ryan_again
|
|
# # => false (ryan_again is new?)
|
|
#
|
|
# ryans_clone = Person.create(:name => 'Ryan')
|
|
# ryan == ryans_clone
|
|
# # => false (Different id attributes)
|
|
#
|
|
# ryans_twin = Person.find(ryan.id)
|
|
# ryan == ryans_twin
|
|
# # => true
|
|
#
|
|
def ==(other)
|
|
other.equal?(self) || (other.instance_of?(self.class) && other.id == id && other.prefix_options == prefix_options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Tests for equality (delegates to ==).
|
|
def eql?(other)
|
|
self == other
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Delegates to id in order to allow two resources of the same type and \id to work with something like:
|
|
# [Person.find(1), Person.find(2)] & [Person.find(1), Person.find(4)] # => [Person.find(1)]
|
|
def hash
|
|
id.hash
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Duplicate the current resource without saving it.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_invoice = Invoice.create(:customer => 'That Company')
|
|
# next_invoice = my_invoice.dup
|
|
# next_invoice.new? # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# next_invoice.save
|
|
# next_invoice == my_invoice # => false (different id attributes)
|
|
#
|
|
# my_invoice.customer # => That Company
|
|
# next_invoice.customer # => That Company
|
|
def dup
|
|
self.class.new.tap do |resource|
|
|
resource.attributes = @attributes
|
|
resource.prefix_options = @prefix_options
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# A method to \save (+POST+) or \update (+PUT+) a resource. It delegates to +create+ if a \new object,
|
|
# +update+ if it is existing. If the response to the \save includes a body, it will be assumed that this body
|
|
# is XML for the final object as it looked after the \save (which would include attributes like +created_at+
|
|
# that weren't part of the original submit).
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_company = Company.new(:name => 'RoleModel Software', :owner => 'Ken Auer', :size => 2)
|
|
# my_company.new? # => true
|
|
# my_company.save # sends POST /companies/ (create)
|
|
#
|
|
# my_company.new? # => false
|
|
# my_company.size = 10
|
|
# my_company.save # sends PUT /companies/1 (update)
|
|
def save
|
|
new? ? create : update
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Deletes the resource from the remote service.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_id = 3
|
|
# my_person = Person.find(my_id)
|
|
# my_person.destroy
|
|
# Person.find(my_id) # 404 (Resource Not Found)
|
|
#
|
|
# new_person = Person.create(:name => 'James')
|
|
# new_id = new_person.id # => 7
|
|
# new_person.destroy
|
|
# Person.find(new_id) # 404 (Resource Not Found)
|
|
def destroy
|
|
connection.delete(element_path, self.class.headers)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Evaluates to <tt>true</tt> if this resource is not <tt>new?</tt> and is
|
|
# found on the remote service. Using this method, you can check for
|
|
# resources that may have been deleted between the object's instantiation
|
|
# and actions on it.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# Person.create(:name => 'Theodore Roosevelt')
|
|
# that_guy = Person.find(:first)
|
|
# that_guy.exists? # => true
|
|
#
|
|
# that_lady = Person.new(:name => 'Paul Bean')
|
|
# that_lady.exists? # => false
|
|
#
|
|
# guys_id = that_guy.id
|
|
# Person.delete(guys_id)
|
|
# that_guy.exists? # => false
|
|
def exists?
|
|
!new? && self.class.exists?(to_param, :params => prefix_options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Converts the resource to an XML string representation.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Options
|
|
# The +options+ parameter is handed off to the +to_xml+ method on each
|
|
# attribute, so it has the same options as the +to_xml+ methods in
|
|
# Active Support.
|
|
#
|
|
# * <tt>:indent</tt> - Set the indent level for the XML output (default is +2+).
|
|
# * <tt>:dasherize</tt> - Boolean option to determine whether or not element names should
|
|
# replace underscores with dashes. Default is <tt>true</tt>. The default can be set to <tt>false</tt>
|
|
# by setting the module attribute <tt>ActiveSupport.dasherize_xml = false</tt> in an initializer. Because save
|
|
# uses this method, and there are no options on save, then you will have to set the default if you don't
|
|
# want underscores in element names to become dashes when the resource is saved. This is important when
|
|
# integrating with non-Rails applications.
|
|
# * <tt>:camelize</tt> - Boolean option to determine whether or not element names should be converted
|
|
# to camel case, e.g some_name to SomeName. Default is <tt>false</tt>. Like <tt>:dasherize</tt> you can
|
|
# change the default by setting the module attribute <tt>ActiveSupport.camelise_xml = true</tt> in an initializer.
|
|
# * <tt>:skip_instruct</tt> - Toggle skipping the +instruct!+ call on the XML builder
|
|
# that generates the XML declaration (default is <tt>false</tt>).
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_group = SubsidiaryGroup.find(:first)
|
|
# my_group.to_xml
|
|
# # => <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
# # <subsidiary_group> [...] </subsidiary_group>
|
|
#
|
|
# my_group.to_xml(:dasherize => true)
|
|
# # => <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
# # <subsidiary-group> [...] </subsidiary-group>
|
|
#
|
|
# my_group.to_xml(:skip_instruct => true)
|
|
# # => <subsidiary_group> [...] </subsidiary_group>
|
|
def to_xml(options={})
|
|
attributes.to_xml({:root => self.class.element_name}.merge(options))
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Coerces to a hash for JSON encoding.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Options
|
|
# The +options+ are passed to the +to_json+ method on each
|
|
# attribute, so the same options as the +to_json+ methods in
|
|
# Active Support.
|
|
#
|
|
# * <tt>:only</tt> - Only include the specified attribute or list of
|
|
# attributes in the serialized output. Attribute names must be specified
|
|
# as strings.
|
|
# * <tt>:except</tt> - Do not include the specified attribute or list of
|
|
# attributes in the serialized output. Attribute names must be specified
|
|
# as strings.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# person = Person.new(:first_name => "Jim", :last_name => "Smith")
|
|
# person.to_json
|
|
# # => {"first_name": "Jim", "last_name": "Smith"}
|
|
#
|
|
# person.to_json(:only => ["first_name"])
|
|
# # => {"first_name": "Jim"}
|
|
#
|
|
# person.to_json(:except => ["first_name"])
|
|
# # => {"last_name": "Smith"}
|
|
def as_json(options = nil)
|
|
attributes.as_json(options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Returns the serialized string representation of the resource in the configured
|
|
# serialization format specified in ActiveResource::Base.format. The options
|
|
# applicable depend on the configured encoding format.
|
|
def encode(options={})
|
|
case self.class.format
|
|
when ActiveResource::Formats[:xml]
|
|
self.class.format.encode(attributes, {:root => self.class.element_name}.merge(options))
|
|
when ActiveResource::Formats::JsonFormat
|
|
if ActiveResource::Base.include_root_in_json
|
|
self.class.format.encode({self.class.element_name => attributes}, options)
|
|
else
|
|
self.class.format.encode(attributes, options)
|
|
end
|
|
else
|
|
self.class.format.encode(attributes, options)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# A method to \reload the attributes of this object from the remote web service.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_branch = Branch.find(:first)
|
|
# my_branch.name # => "Wislon Raod"
|
|
#
|
|
# # Another client fixes the typo...
|
|
#
|
|
# my_branch.name # => "Wislon Raod"
|
|
# my_branch.reload
|
|
# my_branch.name # => "Wilson Road"
|
|
def reload
|
|
self.load(self.class.find(to_param, :params => @prefix_options).attributes)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# A method to manually load attributes from a \hash. Recursively loads collections of
|
|
# resources. This method is called in +initialize+ and +create+ when a \hash of attributes
|
|
# is provided.
|
|
#
|
|
# ==== Examples
|
|
# my_attrs = {:name => 'J&J Textiles', :industry => 'Cloth and textiles'}
|
|
# my_attrs = {:name => 'Marty', :colors => ["red", "green", "blue"]}
|
|
#
|
|
# the_supplier = Supplier.find(:first)
|
|
# the_supplier.name # => 'J&M Textiles'
|
|
# the_supplier.load(my_attrs)
|
|
# the_supplier.name('J&J Textiles')
|
|
#
|
|
# # These two calls are the same as Supplier.new(my_attrs)
|
|
# my_supplier = Supplier.new
|
|
# my_supplier.load(my_attrs)
|
|
#
|
|
# # These three calls are the same as Supplier.create(my_attrs)
|
|
# your_supplier = Supplier.new
|
|
# your_supplier.load(my_attrs)
|
|
# your_supplier.save
|
|
def load(attributes)
|
|
raise ArgumentError, "expected an attributes Hash, got #{attributes.inspect}" unless attributes.is_a?(Hash)
|
|
@prefix_options, attributes = split_options(attributes)
|
|
attributes.each do |key, value|
|
|
@attributes[key.to_s] =
|
|
case value
|
|
when Array
|
|
resource = find_or_create_resource_for_collection(key)
|
|
value.map do |attrs|
|
|
if attrs.is_a?(String) || attrs.is_a?(Numeric)
|
|
attrs.duplicable? ? attrs.dup : attrs
|
|
else
|
|
resource.new(attrs)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
when Hash
|
|
resource = find_or_create_resource_for(key)
|
|
resource.new(value)
|
|
else
|
|
value.dup rescue value
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
self
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# For checking <tt>respond_to?</tt> without searching the attributes (which is faster).
|
|
alias_method :respond_to_without_attributes?, :respond_to?
|
|
|
|
# A method to determine if an object responds to a message (e.g., a method call). In Active Resource, a Person object with a
|
|
# +name+ attribute can answer <tt>true</tt> to <tt>my_person.respond_to?(:name)</tt>, <tt>my_person.respond_to?(:name=)</tt>, and
|
|
# <tt>my_person.respond_to?(:name?)</tt>.
|
|
def respond_to?(method, include_priv = false)
|
|
method_name = method.to_s
|
|
if attributes.nil?
|
|
return super
|
|
elsif attributes.has_key?(method_name)
|
|
return true
|
|
elsif ['?','='].include?(method_name.last) && attributes.has_key?(method_name.first(-1))
|
|
return true
|
|
end
|
|
# super must be called at the end of the method, because the inherited respond_to?
|
|
# would return true for generated readers, even if the attribute wasn't present
|
|
super
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
|
|
protected
|
|
def connection(refresh = false)
|
|
self.class.connection(refresh)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Update the resource on the remote service.
|
|
def update
|
|
connection.put(element_path(prefix_options), encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response|
|
|
load_attributes_from_response(response)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Create (i.e., \save to the remote service) the \new resource.
|
|
def create
|
|
connection.post(collection_path, encode, self.class.headers).tap do |response|
|
|
self.id = id_from_response(response)
|
|
load_attributes_from_response(response)
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def load_attributes_from_response(response)
|
|
if response['Content-Length'] != "0" && response.body.strip.size > 0
|
|
load(self.class.format.decode(response.body))
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Takes a response from a typical create post and pulls the ID out
|
|
def id_from_response(response)
|
|
response['Location'][/\/([^\/]*?)(\.\w+)?$/, 1] if response['Location']
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def element_path(options = nil)
|
|
self.class.element_path(to_param, options || prefix_options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def collection_path(options = nil)
|
|
self.class.collection_path(options || prefix_options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
private
|
|
# Tries to find a resource for a given collection name; if it fails, then the resource is created
|
|
def find_or_create_resource_for_collection(name)
|
|
find_or_create_resource_for(name.to_s.singularize)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Tries to find a resource in a non empty list of nested modules
|
|
# Raises a NameError if it was not found in any of the given nested modules
|
|
def find_resource_in_modules(resource_name, module_names)
|
|
receiver = Object
|
|
namespaces = module_names[0, module_names.size-1].map do |module_name|
|
|
receiver = receiver.const_get(module_name)
|
|
end
|
|
if namespace = namespaces.reverse.detect { |ns| ns.const_defined?(resource_name) }
|
|
return namespace.const_get(resource_name)
|
|
else
|
|
raise NameError
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
# Tries to find a resource for a given name; if it fails, then the resource is created
|
|
def find_or_create_resource_for(name)
|
|
resource_name = name.to_s.camelize
|
|
ancestors = self.class.name.split("::")
|
|
if ancestors.size > 1
|
|
find_resource_in_modules(resource_name, ancestors)
|
|
else
|
|
self.class.const_get(resource_name)
|
|
end
|
|
rescue NameError
|
|
if self.class.const_defined?(resource_name)
|
|
resource = self.class.const_get(resource_name)
|
|
else
|
|
resource = self.class.const_set(resource_name, Class.new(ActiveResource::Base))
|
|
end
|
|
resource.prefix = self.class.prefix
|
|
resource.site = self.class.site
|
|
resource
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def split_options(options = {})
|
|
self.class.__send__(:split_options, options)
|
|
end
|
|
|
|
def method_missing(method_symbol, *arguments) #:nodoc:
|
|
method_name = method_symbol.to_s
|
|
|
|
case method_name.last
|
|
when "="
|
|
attributes[method_name.first(-1)] = arguments.first
|
|
when "?"
|
|
attributes[method_name.first(-1)]
|
|
else
|
|
attributes.has_key?(method_name) ? attributes[method_name] : super
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|
|
end
|