= Action Mailer -- Easy email delivery and testing
Action Mailer is a framework for designing email-service layers. These layers
are used to consolidate code for sending out forgotten passwords, welcome
wishes on signup, invoices for billing, and any other use case that requires
a written notification to either a person or another system.
Additionally, an Action Mailer class can be used to process incoming email,
such as allowing a weblog to accept new posts from an email (which could even
have been sent from a phone).
== Sending emails
The framework works by setting up all the email details, except the body,
in methods on the service layer. Subject, recipients, sender, and timestamp
are all set up this way. An example of such a method:
def signed_up(recipient)
recipients recipient
subject "[Signed up] Welcome #{recipient}"
from "system@loudthinking.com"
body :recipient => recipient
end
The body of the email is created by using an Action View template (regular
ERb) that has the content of the body hash parameter available as instance variables.
So the corresponding body template for the method above could look like this:
Hello there,
Mr. <%= @recipient %>
And if the recipient was given as "david@loudthinking.com", the email
generated would look like this:
Date: Sun, 12 Dec 2004 00:00:00 +0100
From: system@loudthinking.com
To: david@loudthinking.com
Subject: [Signed up] Welcome david@loudthinking.com
Hello there,
Mr. david@loudthinking.com
You never actually call the instance methods like signed_up directly. Instead,
you call class methods like deliver_* and create_* that are automatically
created for each instance method. So if the signed_up method sat on
ApplicationMailer, it would look like this:
ApplicationMailer.create_signed_up("david@loudthinking.com") # => tmail object for testing
ApplicationMailer.deliver_signed_up("david@loudthinking.com") # sends the email
ApplicationMailer.new.signed_up("david@loudthinking.com") # won't work!
== Receiving emails
To receive emails, you need to implement a public instance method called receive that takes a
tmail object as its single parameter. The Action Mailer framework has a corresponding class method,
which is also called receive, that accepts a raw, unprocessed email as a string, which it then turns
into the tmail object and calls the receive instance method.
Example:
class Mailman < ActionMailer::Base
def receive(email)
page = Page.find_by_address(email.to.first)
page.emails.create(
:subject => email.subject, :body => email.body
)
if email.has_attachments?
for attachment in email.attachments
page.attachments.create({
:file => attachment, :description => email.subject
})
end
end
end
end
This Mailman can be the target for Postfix or other MTAs. In Rails, you would use the runner in the
trivial case like this:
./script/runner 'Mailman.receive(STDIN.read)'
However, invoking Rails in the runner for each mail to be received is very resource intensive. A single
instance of Rails should be run within a daemon if it is going to be utilized to process more than just
a limited number of email.
== Configuration
The Base class has the full list of configuration options. Here's an example:
ActionMailer::Base.smtp_settings = {
:address => 'smtp.yourserver.com', # default: localhost
:port => '25', # default: 25
:user_name => 'user',
:password => 'pass',
:authentication => :plain # :plain, :login or :cram_md5
}
== Dependencies
Action Mailer requires that the Action Pack is either available to be required immediately
or is accessible as a GEM.
== Bundled software
* tmail 0.10.8 by Minero Aoki released under LGPL
Read more on http://i.loveruby.net/en/prog/tmail.html
* Text::Format 0.63 by Austin Ziegler released under OpenSource
Read more on http://www.halostatue.ca/ruby/Text__Format.html
== Download
The latest version of Action Mailer can be found at
* http://rubyforge.org/project/showfiles.php?group_id=361
Documentation can be found at
* http://actionmailer.rubyonrails.org
== Installation
You can install Action Mailer with the following command.
% [sudo] ruby install.rb
from its distribution directory.
== License
Action Mailer is released under the MIT license.
== Support
The Action Mailer homepage is http://www.rubyonrails.org. You can find
the Action Mailer RubyForge page at http://rubyforge.org/projects/actionmailer.
And as Jim from Rake says:
Feel free to submit commits or feature requests. If you send a patch,
remember to update the corresponding unit tests. If fact, I prefer
new feature to be submitted in the form of new unit tests.
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