(function(c){varh="1.1.1";vara=MathJax.Hub.CombineConfig("MMLorHTML",{prefer:{MSIE:"MML",Firefox:"MML",Opera:"HTML",other:"HTML"}});vare={Firefox:3,Opera:9.52,MSIE:6,Chrome:0.3,Safari:2,Konqueror:4};varb=(c.Browser.version==="0.0"||c.Browser.versionAtLeast(e[c.Browser]||0));varg=false;if(!c.Browser.isIE9){try{newActiveXObject("MathPlayer.Factory.1");g=true}catch(f){}}vard=(c.Browser.isFirefox&&c.Browser.versionAtLeast("1.5"))||(c.Browser.isMSIE&&g)||(c.Browser.isOpera&&c.Browser.versionAtLeast("9.52"));c.Register.StartupHook("End Config",function(){vari=(a.prefer&&typeof(a.prefer)==="object"?a.prefer[MathJax.Hub.Browser]||a.prefer.other||"HTML":a.prefer);if(b||d){if(d&&(i==="MML"||!b)){if(MathJax.OutputJax.NativeMML){MathJax.OutputJax.NativeMML.Register("jax/mml")}else{c.config.jax.unshift("output/NativeMML")}c.Startup.signal.Post("NativeMML output selected")}else{if(MathJax.OutputJax["HTML-CSS"]){MathJax.OutputJax["HTML-CSS"].Register("jax/mml")}else{c.config.jax.unshift("output/HTML-CSS")}c.Startup.signal.Post("HTML-CSS output selected")}}else{c.PreProcess.disabled=true;c.prepareScripts.disabled=true;MathJax.Message.Set("Your browser does not support MathJax",null,4000);c.Startup.signal.Post("MathJax not supported")}})})(MathJax.Hub);MathJax.Ajax.loadComplete("[MathJax]/config/MMLorHTML.js");
(function(d){varc=true,f=false,i,h=String.fromCharCode(160);vare=MathJax.Object.Subclass({Init:function(k){this.global={};this.data=[b.start().With({global:this.global})];if(k){this.data[0].env=k}this.env=this.data[0].env},Push:function(){varl,k,n,o;for(l=0,k=arguments.length;l<k;l++){n=arguments[l];if(ninstanceofi.mbase){n=b.mml(n)}n.global=this.global;o=(this.data.length?this.Top().checkItem(n):c);if(oinstanceofArray){this.Pop();this.Push.apply(this,o)}else{if(oinstanceofb){this.Pop();this.Push(o)}else{if(o){this.data.push(n);if(n.env){for(varpinthis.env){if(this.env.hasOwnProperty(p)){n.env[p]=this.env[p]}}this.env=n.env}else{n.env=this.env}}}}}},Pop:function(){vark=this.data.pop();if(!k.isOpen){deletek.env}this.env=(this.data.length?this.Top().env:{});returnk},Top:function(k){if(k==null){k=1}if(this.data.length<k){returnnull}returnthis.data[this.data.length-k]},Prev:function(k){varl=this.Top();if(k){returnl.data[l.data.length-1]}else{returnl.Pop()}},toString:function(){return"stack[\n "+this.data.join("\n ")+"\n]"}});varb=e.Item=MathJax.Object.Subclass({type:"base",closeError:"Extra close brace or missing open brace",rightError:"Missing \\left or extra \\right",Init:function(){if(this.isOpen){this.env={}}this.data=[];this.Push.apply(this,arguments)},Push:function(){this.data.push.apply(this.data,arguments)},Pop:function(){returnthis.data.pop()},mmlData:function(k,l){if(k==null){k=c}if(this.data.length===1&&!l){returnthis.data[0]}returni.mrow.apply(i,this.data).With((k?{inferred:c}:{}))},checkItem:function(k){if(k.type==="over"&&this.isOpen){k.num=this.mmlData(f);this.data=[]}if(k.type==="cell"&&this.isOpen){d.Error("Misplaced "+k.name)}if(k.isClose&&this[k.type+"Error"]){d.Error(this[k.type+"Error"])}if(!k.isNotStack){returnc}this.Push(k.data[0]);returnf},With:function(k){for(varlink){if(k.hasOwnProperty(l)){this[l]=k[l]}}returnthis},toString:function(){returnthis.type+"["+this.data.join("; ")+"]"}});b.start=b.Subclass({type:"start",isOpen:c,checkItem:function(k){if(k.type==="stop"){returnb.mml(this.mmlData())}returnthis.SUPER(arguments).checkItem.call(this,k)}});b.stop=b.Subclass({type:"stop",isClose:c});b.open=b.Subclass({type:"open",isOpen:c,stopError:"Extra open brace or missing close brace",checkItem:function(l){if(l.type==="close"){vark=this.mmlData();returnb.mml(i.TeXAtom(k))}returnthis.SUPER(arguments).checkItem.call(this,l)}});b.close=b.Subclass({type:"close",isClose:c});b.subsup=b.Subclass({type:"subsup",stopError:"Missing superscript or subscript argument",checkItem:function(l){vark=["","subscript","superscript"][this.position];if(l.type==="open"||l.type==="left"){returnc}if(l.type==="mml"){this.data[0].SetData(this.position,l.data[0]);returnb.mml(this.data[0])}if(this.SUPER(arguments).checkItem.call(this,l)){d.Error("Missing open brace for "+k)}},Pop:function(){}});b.over=b.Subclass({type:"over",isClose:c,name:"\\over",checkItem:function(m,k){if(m.type==="over"){d.Error("Ambiguous use of "+m.name)}if(m.isClose){varl=i.mfrac(this.num,this.mmlData(f));if(this.thickness!=null){l.linethickness=this.thickness}if(this.open||this.close){l.texClass=i.TEXCLASS.INNER;l.texWithDelims=c;l=i.mfenced(l).With({open:this.open,close:this.close})}return[b.mml(l),m]}returnthis.SUPER(arguments).checkItem.call(this,m)},toString:function(){return"over["+this.num+" / "+this.data.join("; ")+"]"}});b.left=b.Subclass({type:"left",isOpen:c,delim:"(",stopError:"Extra \\left or missing \\right",checkItem:function(l){if(l.type==="right"){vark=i.mfenced(this.data.length===1?this.data[0]:i.mrow.apply(i,this.data));returnb.mml(k.With({open:this.delim,close:l.delim}))}returnthis.SUPER(arguments).checkItem.call(this,l)}});b.right=b.Subclass({type:"right",isClose:c,delim:")"});b.begin=b.Subclass({type:"begin",isOpen:c,checkItem:function(k){if(k.type==="end"){if(k.name!==this.name){d.Error("\\begin{"+this.name+"} ended with \\end{"+k.name+"}")}if(!this.end){returnb.mml(this.mmlData())}returnthis.parse[this.end].call(this.parse,this,this.data)}if(k.type==="stop"){d.Error("Missing \\end{"+this.n
MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook("TeX Jax Ready",function(){vare="1.1";vara=MathJax.ElementJax.mml;varf=MathJax.InputJax.TeX;varc=f.Definitions;vard=f.Stack.Item;varb=function(g){returng.join("em ")+"em"};MathJax.Hub.Insert(c,{macros:{mathring:["Accent","2DA"],nobreakspace:"Tilde",negmedspace:["Spacer",a.LENGTH.NEGATIVEMEDIUMMATHSPACE],negthickspace:["Spacer",a.LENGTH.NEGATIVETHICKMATHSPACE],intI:["Macro","\\mathchoice{\\!}{}{}{}\\!\\!\\int"],iiiint:["MultiIntegral","\\int\\intI\\intI\\intI"],idotsint:["MultiIntegral","\\int\\cdots\\int"],dddot:["Macro","\\mathop{#1}\\limits^{\\textstyle \\mathord{.}\\mathord{.}\\mathord{.}}",1],ddddot:["Macro","\\mathop{#1}\\limits^{\\textstyle \\mathord{.}\\mathord{.}\\mathord{.}\\mathord{.}}",1],sideset:["Macro","\\mathop{\\mathop{\\rlap{\\phantom{#3}}}\\nolimits#1\\!\\mathop{#3}\\nolimits#2}",3],boxed:["Macro","\\fbox{$\\displaystyle{#1}$}",1],tag:"HandleTag",notag:"HandleNoTag",substack:["Macro","\\begin{subarray}{c}#1\\end{subarray}",1],injlim:["Macro","\\mathop{\\rm inj\\,lim}"],projlim:["Macro","\\mathop{\\rm proj\\,lim}"],varliminf:["Macro","\\mathop{\\underline{\\rm lim}}"],varlimsup:["Macro","\\mathop{\\overline{\\rm lim}}"],varinjlim:["Macro","\\mathop{\\underrightarrow{\\rm lim\\Rule{-1pt}{0pt}{1pt}}\\Rule{0pt}{0pt}{.45em}}"],varprojlim:["Macro","\\mathop{\\underleftarrow{\\rm lim\\Rule{-1pt}{0pt}{1pt}}\\Rule{0pt}{0pt}{.45em}}"],DeclareMathOperator:"HandleDeclareOp",operatorname:"HandleOperatorName",genfrac:"Genfrac",frac:["Genfrac","","","",""],tfrac:["Genfrac","","","",1],dfrac:["Genfrac","","","",0],binom:["Genfrac","(",")","0em",""],tbinom:["Genfrac","(",")","0em",1],dbinom:["Genfrac","(",")","0em",0],cfrac:"CFrac",shoveleft:["HandleShove",a.ALIGN.LEFT],shoveright:["HandleShove",a.ALIGN.RIGHT],xrightarrow:["xArrow",8594,5,6],xleftarrow:["xArrow",8592,7,3]},environment:{align:["AMSarray",null,true,true,"rlrlrlrlrlrl",b([5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18])],"align*":["AMSarray",null,false,true,"rlrlrlrlrlrl",b([5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18])],multline:["Multline",null,true],"multline*":["Multline",null,false],split:["AMSarray",null,false,false,"rl",b([5/18])],gather:["AMSarray",null,true,true,"c"],"gather*":["AMSarray",null,false,true,"c"],alignat:["AlignAt",null,true,true],"alignat*":["AlignAt",null,false,true],alignedat:["AlignAt",null,false,false],aligned:["Array",null,null,null,"rlrlrlrlrlrl",b([5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18,2,5/18]),".5em","D"],gathered:["Array",null,null,null,"c",null,".5em","D"],subarray:["Array",null,null,null,null,b([0,0,0,0]),"0.1em","S",1],smallmatrix:["Array",null,null,null,"c",b([1/3]),".2em","S",1]},delimiter:{"\\lvert":["2223",{texClass:a.TEXCLASS.OPEN}],"\\rvert":["2223",{texClass:a.TEXCLASS.CLOSE}],"\\lVert":["2225",{texClass:a.TEXCLASS.OPEN}],"\\rVert":["2225",{texClass:a.TEXCLASS.CLOSE}]}});f.Parse.Augment({HandleTag:function(h){varg=this.trimSpaces(this.GetArgument(h));if(g==="*"){g=this.GetArgument(h)}else{g="("+g+")"}if(this.stack.global.notag){f.Error(h+" not allowed in "+this.stack.global.notag+" environment")}if(this.stack.global.tag){f.Error("Multiple "+h)}this.stack.global.tag=a.mtd.apply(a,this.InternalMath(g))},HandleNoTag:function(g){if(this.stack.global.tag){deletethis.stack.global.tag}},HandleDeclareOp:function(h){varg="";vari=this.trimSpaces(this.GetArgument(h));if(i=="*"){g="\\limits";i=this.trimSpaces(this.GetArgument(h))}if(i.charAt(0)=="\\"){i=i.substr(1)}varj=this.GetArgument(h);j=j.replace(/\*/g,"\\text{*}").replace(/-/g,"\\text{-}");f.Definitions.macros[i]=["Macro","\\mathop{\\rm "+j+"}"+g]},HandleOperatorName:function(h){varg="\\nolimits";vari=this.trimSpaces(this.GetArgument(h));if(i=="*"){g="\\limits";i=this.trimSpaces(this.GetArgument(h))}i=i.replace(/\*/g,"\\text{*}").replace(/-/g,"\\text{-}");this.string="\\mathop{\\rm "+i+"}"+g+" "+this.string.slice(this.i);this.i=0},HandleShove:function(h,g){vari=this.stack.Top();if(i.type!=="multline"||i.data.length){f.Error(h+" must come at the beginning of the line")}i.data.shove=g},CFrac:function(j){varg=this.trimSpaces(this.GetBracket
(function(b,c){vara;b.Parse=MathJax.Object.Subclass({Init:function(d){this.Parse(d)},Parse:function(f){varg;if(typeoff!=="string"){g=f.parentNode}else{if(f.match(/^<[a-z]+:/i)&&!f.match(/^<[^<>]* xmlns:/)){f=f.replace(/^<([a-z]+)(:math)/i,'<$1$2 xmlns:$1="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"')}f=f.replace(/^\s*(?:\/\/)?<!(--)?\[CDATA\[((.|\n)*)(\/\/)?\]\]\1>\s*$/,"$2");f=f.replace(/&([a-z][a-z0-9]*);/ig,this.replaceEntity);g=b.ParseXML(f);if(g==null){b.Error("Error parsing MathML")}}vare=g.getElementsByTagName("parsererror")[0];if(e){b.Error("Error parsing MathML: "+e.textContent.replace(/This page.*?errors:|XML Parsing Error: |Below is a rendering of the page.*/g,""))}if(g.childNodes.length!==1){b.Error("MathML must be formed by a single element")}if(g.firstChild.nodeName.toLowerCase()==="html"){vard=g.getElementsByTagName("h1")[0];if(d&&d.textContent==="XML parsing error"&&d.nextSibling){b.Error("Error parsing MathML: "+String(d.nextSibling.nodeValue).replace(/fatal parsing error: /,""))}}if(g.firstChild.nodeName.toLowerCase().replace(/^[a-z]+:/,"")!=="math"){b.Error("MathML must be formed by a <math> element, not <"+g.firstChild.nodeName+">")}this.mml=this.MakeMML(g.firstChild)},MakeMML:function(h){varl=h.nodeName.toLowerCase().replace(/^[a-z]+:/,"");if(!(a[l]&&a[l].isa&&a[l].isa(a.mbase))){returna.merror("Unknown node type: "+l)}vard=a[l](),k,j,e,n;for(k=0,j=h.attributes.length;k<j;k++){e=h.attributes[k].name;if(e=="xlink:href"){e="href"}if(e.match(/:/)){continue}n=h.attributes[k].value;if(n.toLowerCase()==="true"){n=true}else{if(n.toLowerCase()==="false"){n=false}}d[e]=n}for(k=0,j=h.childNodes.length;k<j;k++){varf=h.childNodes[k];if(f.nodeName==="#comment"){continue}if(f.nodeName==="#text"){if(d.isToken&&!d.mmlSelfClosing){varo=this.trimSpace(f.nodeValue);if(d.isa(a.mo)&&o.length===1&&this.Remap[o.charAt(0)]){o=this.Remap[o.charAt(0)]}o=o.replace(/&([a-z][a-z0-9]*);/ig,this.replaceEntity);d.Append(a.chars(o))}else{if(f.nodeValue.match(/\S/)){b.Error("Unexpected text node: '"+f.nodeValue+"'")}}}else{if(d.type==="annotation-xml"){d.Append(a.xml(f))}else{varg=this.MakeMML(f);d.Append(g);if(g.mmlSelfClosing&&g.data.length){d.Append.apply(d,g.data);g.data=[]}}}}if(b.config.useMathMLspacing){d.useMMLspacing=8}returnd},trimSpace:function(d){returnd.replace(/^[ \t\n\r]+/,"").replace(/[ \t\n\r]+$/,"").replace(/[ \t\n\r][ \t\n\r]+/g," ")},replaceEntity:function(f,e){if(e.match(/^(lt|amp|quot)$/)){returnf}if(b.Parse.Entity[e]){returnb.Parse.Entity[e]}varg=e.charAt(0).toLowerCase();vard=e.match(/^[a-zA-Z](fr|scr|opf)$/);if(d){g=d[1]}if(!b.Parse.loaded[g]){b.Parse.loaded[g]=true;MathJax.Hub.RestartAfter(MathJax.Ajax.Require(b.entityDir+"/"+g+".js"))}returnf},Remap:{"\u0027":"\u2032","\u002A":"\u2217","\u002D":"\u2212"}},{loaded:[]});b.Augment({Translate:function(d){if(!this.ParseXML){this.ParseXML=this.createParser()}vare,g;if(d.firstChild&&d.firstChild.nodeName.toLowerCase().replace(/^[a-z]+:/,"")==="math"){g=this.prefilterMathML(d.firstChild)}else{g=d.innerHTML.replace(/^\s+/,"").replace(/\s+$/,"");if(c.isMSIE){g=g.replace(/( )+$/,"")}else{if(c.isKonqueror){g=g.replace(/</g,"<").replace(/>/g,">").replace(/&/g,"&")}}g=this.prefilterMath(g,d)}try{e=b.Parse(g).mml}catch(f){if(!f.mathmlError){throwf}e=this.formatError(f,g,d)}returna(e)},prefilterMath:function(e,d){returne},prefilterMathML:function(d){returnd},formatError:function(f,e,d){returna.merror(f.message.replace(/\n.*/,""))},Error:function(d){throwMathJax.Hub.Insert(Error(d),{mathmlError:true})},parseDOM:function(d){returnthis.parser.parseFromString(d,"text/xml")},parseMS:function(d){return(this.parser.loadXML(d)?this.parser:null)},parseDIV:function(d){this.div.innerHTML=d.replace(/<([a-z]+)([^>]*)\/>/g,"<$1$2></$1>");returnthis.div},parseError:function(d){returnnull},createParser:function(){if(window.DOMParser){this.parser=newDOMParser();return(this.parseDOM)}else{if(window.ActiveXObject){vare=["MSXML2.DOMDocument.6.0","MSXML2.DOMDocument.5.0","MSXML2.DOMDocument.4.0","MSXML2.DOMDocument.3.0","MSXML2.DOMDocument.2.0","Microsoft.
